Research On Cluster-routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

Internet has changed the way people communicate with each other. Wireless Sensor Network will change the way people communicate with nature. Routing technology at the network layer is important in the architecture of wireless sensor networks. As an active branch of routing technology, cluster-routing protocols excel in network topology management, energy minimization, data aggregation and so on.Based on plenty of researches on cluster-routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Network, this paper divides cluster-routing protocol into two types: one-hop and multi-hop, according to the hop from member node to cluster head. With this division, the clustering algorithms and routing protocols are investigated respectively. The following results have been obtained about these four parts.Based on residual energy and amount of neighbor nodes, a two-phase one-hop clustering algorithm has been proposed to solve the problem of overlap among clusters in small-size wireless sensor networks. This algorithm makes the cluster head nodes not adjacent to each other by introducing abdication mechanism. The experiments show that the cluster-overlapping of the proposed method is much less serious than the ACE protocol.To avoid the conflict in the process of data transmission, this paper creates partial ordering relation on the set of cluster head nodes by adjusting the affiliation for member nodes according to Node ID, and uses this partial ordering relation to represent conflict between clusters. Each cluster head node creates the transferring scheme according to the partial ordering chain, to realize the non-conflict data transmission among clusters. Experiments show that the cost for the adjustment of cluster structure and the length of the partial ordering chain are both acceptable.A distributed multi-hop clustering method is presented. Centered on anchor node, the hierarchy among sensor nodes is created. Experiments show that the clustering method makes the structure between each cluster balanced and the structure inside clusters clear.Based on anchor node, a multi-hop routing protocol has been proposed. In this protocol, the cost of energy consuming in each layer is balanced. Compared to existing protocols, the active time of sensor nodes are reduced so much that the lifetime circle of the sensor network has been prolonged. And the protocol is further extended to use two frequencies for data transmission.