Energy Efficient Hierarchical Routing Protocol In Wsn

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a novel technology which appeared after sensor technology, computer technology and MEMS technology. As a new technology of information collection, WSN has been paid more attention in a lot of domains. It's used in environment inspection, military spy, medical treatment, counterstrike, etc. Because of the bad working circumstance and complex working terrain, replacing batteries for WSN is impossible. So how to prolong the lifetime by conserving limited battery resources is particularly important to WSN.The main content of the thesis is the research and design of wireless sensor network routing protocol. First, the thesis analyses the existing routing protocols, mainly focuses on LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) protocol and PEGASIS (Power Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information System) protocol. On the base of studying the two routing protocols, this paper introduces an energy efficient hierarchical routing protocol-EEHRP. EEHRP combines the characters of LEACH protocol and PEGASIS protocol. It adopts a cluster topology, several clusters work at the same time that reduces the network delay. Clusters are divided according to the distance from the base station, and the chain topology is formed in the clusters this strengthens the capacity of local data polymerization and reduces expense of network data communication. The cluster heads are also formed a chain structure which send and integrate data to the base station from far to near, this can reduce length and save energy. The cluster heads are selected according to the criteria of the remaining energy, this effectively balances energy consumption of the whole network.The thesis uses NS2 simulation tool to simulate the new routing protocol. Results of the simulation show that EEHRP routing algorithm consumes less energy, increases the network lifetime by 10 percents or more, and also improves the success rate of data transmission.