| Along with the progress of computer network technique and the coming of information times, the intellectualization of resident community and the modernization of way management are developing rapidly. The used way to manage water, electricity and coal gas is to copy the meter numbers, make data statement, charge and etc. It is obvious that it does not meet the requirement of modernation and intellectualization. For that reason, we developed a long-distance measure and charge system for water, lectricity and coal gas. This system is a new generation of administrative system with automatic measure and charge in cities. It is the certain way to speed up the city development. It accords with people's requirement for high-quality life and the state 2000 spirit of"xiaokang"residence industry. With long-distance measure and charge system, we can prevent disturbing people emerged from copying meter number and charging. We also can simplify management and lighten the burden of waymanagement.The topic of this thesis is mainly to accommodate the implementation of"housing engineering"and the requirement of constructing intellectualized resident community. At present, many long-distance measure systems are forming transmission platform with such techniques as RS-485 and Lon works. Its technique is completely mature, and constructing network in a right way as well as strict communication agreement can insure the stability and credibility in the network transmission. Therefore, the system used RS-485 technology to build transmission platform, and used a cheap MCU as CPU sub-station to make distance (2,400 meters above) pulse sampling of users'water, electricity, gas and other energy consumption information in the resident community.This system consists of a microcomputer and 84 sets of SCM system (can be extended up to 256 sets), which compose host-submittal network system through the serial cables and 485 main components. The computer is the main equipment of the system, and responsible for the collection of water, electricity and gas meters data gathered by SCM System. It processes the data , but also surpervise and control the state of data gathering channels timely, in case of short circuit, open circuit, and stealing . Computer managers can conduct a number of management operations, but also do the necessary SCM system initialization processing through the computer network ,such as preinstall data and make it accord with the initial data. The SCM system is responsible for data acquisition to all users. One SCM for Each stairwell (could be added), and it can get data acquisition of water, and electricity meters, gas meters from one to eight residents at the same time. The data will be transmitted to the computer at the call of the main equipment. The system can be 256×8 = 3584 data acquisition management, can be extended when necessary.The system uses distributed architecture, together with a typical upper computer to compose a Distributed Control System. The system fully take the the RS-485 communication standard's restrictions to baud rate and transmission distance into account and balanced with the carrying capacity of the system, but also improve the reliability of remote systems.According to the thought of software engineering, the following are mainly the detailed statement towards the research of remote check meters system and the process of design. The consisting parts are: the demand analysis of the system, the design of the applied programs, the design of the communication module, the design of the database, also states the function of the management software.The task of demand analysis is to completely understand users'exact requirements to the software system. Expressing with"demand note" should adhere to the following principles: accuracy, consistency, clarity, no ambiguity, and it should be intuitive, easy to read and revise.The main functions of the application module are: storage, processing and analysis to users'various energy consumption data; communication management, data import, parameter setting, historical data query, data revision, data printing, report making and system maintenance, and so on. All energy consumption data will eventually be preserved , accumulated, and cost cleared in the PC. In addition to the comprhensive reading and management to the the PC users'energy consumption data, the PC can also conveniently monitor the state of all nodes on the operating system to ensure the normal operation of systems. Therefore, in accordance with the above functions requirments, we carry out relevant procedures for the establishment.The main functions of Communication Module are: design the most reliable communication protocol to ensure the correct data from the remote area, including patrol, the second inspection, single patrols, given initial value, and other functions. Patrol, the second inspection, single patrols are used to notify Acquisition Board to transmit data according to the differen orders. The second inspection and single inspection are favorable makeup to patrol. In order to meet the different needs of the collection, given initial value is mainly to endow the Acquisition Board with different parameters. The design of database structure. First, it is to determine the function of the system. Then, establish database table according to the fuction of the system and set up relations between the tables. Finally, affirm the logical access to database through database entities relationship chart. One should avoid the emergence of many-to-many links.First, the passage has introduced the meaning which the proposal mentioned and the developing status at home and abroad as well as the main task. Then, it simply describe the total design of the remote check meters system. The system which consists of charging terminal, (water meters, electricity meters and coal gas meters), data gathering device and central-management software makes it possible that the data of the water meters, electricity meters, coal gas meters could be taken and managed automatically. Then it gives a detailed statement of management software analysis, the course of designing and realizing. The main difficult technologies in this passage are: the demand analysis of the system, the design of the communication module, the connection of front-end management software and database software. There into, communication software is mainly based on RS-485 communication interface and relevant protocol design. The front-end management software adopts Visual Basic from Microsoft Company. The database tool software also adopts the SQL Server 2000 from Microsoft Company. Finally, to give a conclusion of the paper.The system has already been set up and tested, and put into use.With its steady capability, simple operation and comprehensive function, it has reached the effective request for the project. Is believed that with the development of all sorts of public projects and people's recognization to the scientific management towards the public project, the market demand of remote check meters system will be quite immense. |
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