Research And Implementation Of Oil-well Sites Deployment And Management Based On GPS

As a new generation satellite navigation and positioning system in Ameri- ca, GPS has been used in Chinese surveying and mapping departments for nearly 10 years, it indicates that GPS with all-weather, high-precision, automa- ted, high efficiency and other notable features has been applied to all kinds of fields successfully, such as geodetic surveying, engineering surveying, aerial photographic surveying, crustal movement monitoring, deformation monitor- ing, resource surveying, Geodynamics and so on, in a word, it brings profound technological revolution to all kinds of fields in china."SEIWAVE seismic interpretation reservoir forecast and well sites deployment system version 3.0" is the upgrading system of the original version. Well sites deployment as a part of the original system has to input well geodetic coordinates depending on the actual deployment, in the poor field conditions, which increases the difficulty of well movement; Meanwhile, in the past, after collecting well site coordinates by GPS, the data needs third-party software (such as MapInfo software and WINSAT software) to complete its transfer storage from GPS memory to host memory, this causes many inconveniences in the aspects of data storage and data use; Furthermore the well sites'distribution condition isn't displayed in the work area base map.In terms of those shortcomings above, this dissertation proposes a strategy which combines GPS data acquisition module and data processing module with SEIWAVE3.0 system and then GPS data can be directly applied to the system, the real-time GPS coordinates can be shown in the work base map, the new well site's coordinate can be preserved in the database. The process of the strategy putting in practice as follows:First, host will establish real-time communication with the GPS device.GPS device will transmit real-time position, velocity and time (PVT) data to host at the speed of approximately once per second. When GPS data is available to be acquired by host, it will be transmitted to the data processing module, through a series of transactions; the system will gain the right data. At the same time, the real-time GPS location in the form of icon will be shown in the work area map, if the GPS location is fit for deployment, a new well sitewill be deployed here, and well site data will be saved in database.According to the process above, the strategy is divided into four parts: data acquisition, data processing, displaying well sites in the work area map, well site deployment and data management.The strategy chooses the device called Garmin GPSMAP 60CS, the main parameters of the device are:GPS Accuracy: Position <15m (49 feet), 95%typicalUpdate rate: Once per second, continuousGPSMAP 60CS device supports both USB and RS-232 data communica- tion methods, and provides Garmin USB Driver for Microsoft Windows and Garmin Device Interface Specification (for short Garmin IntfSpec) for progr- ammers. This document describes the Garmin Device Interface protocols, which are used to communicate with a Garmin device. The protocols are arranged in the following three layers: physical layer, link layer and the application layer.The physical layer defines the USB transmission packet formatThere are three protocols in the link layer named L000, L001and L002 separately. All kinds of Garmin GPS devices support L000 protocol. L000 protocol defines a lot of packets which have different functions.Each application layer defines the packets sequence for transmission, including packet order, packet type, packet direction, packet ID and packet data type.In the Data Acquisition part, the host is mainly obtained the PVT data from the device.Before the host gets PVT data, communication link should be established between the host and the device. The process of establishing a link is a process of sending "handshake signal" packets. Firstly, the host sends "Pid_Start_Ses sion" data packet to the GPS device. Assuming GPS device functions normally, as long as GPS device is noticed to establish communication link, the device will respond to the host's request, sends "Pid_Session_Started" data packet to the host, if the host gets it, then the link between both of them will be established finally.The GPS device uses the application layer protocol A800/D800 tocomplete PVT data transmission with the host.Application layer protocol A800 is defined as follows:The host starts PVT data transmission: sending "Command Packet" (Pid_Command_Data, its PacketID=10. data field value is 49) to notice the GPS device to start PVT data transmission. Then, the device will respond to the request, to sent PVT data to the host at the speed of once per second. The host stops PVT data transmission: sending "Command Packet" to the GPS device (Pid_Command_Data, its PacketID=10. data field value is 50) to notice the GPS device to interrupte transmission.The data from GPS is based on the WGS-84 coordinate system which is geocentric coordinates; however, the coordinate system commonly used in SEIWAVE system is BeiJing-54 coordinate system. Thus the transformation among those coordinate systems should be implemented so as to get right coordinate which can be used by SEIWAVE system. Besides, the SEIWAVE system has the function to show the current GPS location in the work area map, this requires the map projection. Among them, coordinate transformation method adopts the arithmetic of "Bursa-Wolf seven parameters transforma- tion" and Projection adopts "Gauss Projection".The above data acquisition and data processing module is combined with Seiwave3.0 System. Then "Displaying the well sites location", "Deployment of new well sites", "GPS navigation" and "Data management" all of the functi- ons will be implemented.GPS moving image in the work area map is drawn with the method of geometric algorithm, and the moving image indicates the direction the GPS is moving toward. The function of "deployment of new well sites" is achieved by using multithreading technology; the average of all gathered coordinates of the well site is used for the potential coordinate. The function of "GPS navigation" is implemented by preserving the GPS track log files. "Data management" contains "Well site information management", "GPS track log files manageme- nt", "Coordinate conversion parameters management", and "Ellipsoid datum management" and so on.The strategy of the deployment and management of well sites based on GPS can obtain real-time well sites information, and the mobility and flexibil-ity of well movement are enhanced. Obtained wells'data has important guid- ing meanings for setting out well sites. The processing results will be used in the SEIWAVE system directly; there are no needs to the third-party software.GPS navigation capability will be reflected in the system, the system can collect real time data, record routes detailed and display the mobile GPS device's current position, direction and speed information from the beginning point to destination. It provides a convenient return for oil-well surveying in the poor field condition.The experimental results show that adopting the strategy of well sites deployment based on GPS, the measurement error of well site is less than 10m. In the " Standardized measurement of oil and gas wells", It indicates that the preliminary measurement error of development well site is less than 10m, that of evaluation well less than 30m and that of prospecting well less than 50m. Thus, the measurement results of this strategy can completely meet the needs to the preliminary surveying. It also provides practical technical support for repeating well surveying and setting up well.