The Study Of LEACH Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network, which is made by the convergence of sensor, embedded computing, distributed information processing and wireless communication technologies, is a new information acquisition, processing and transmission technologies. It can be used in military, environmental monitoring, medical and commercial, etc.It has a wide application future. Both academia and industries are very interested in it.The study of LEACH routing protocol for WSN is the main part of this dissertation. The numbers of sensor node in WSN are numerous and single node is extraordinarily limited in resource. The all-important aim of designing routing protocol of WSN is to reduce the overall energy dissipated in the network and to maximize the network lifetime. We summed up the development history, concept, structure, characteristics of WSN and analyzed the key technical issues and network protocols of WSN; we studied the network protocols of WSN and routing protocols on the classification system. We analyzed and compared some routing protocols from their advantages and disadvantages that proposed by oversea researcher; we choose LEACH routing protocol as the research target. We analyzed its insufficient. Based on the original algorithm, we put forward their improvement projects, which assimilated excellence idea among SPIN, DD and other protocols. The improvement can be listed as following: We select initial cluster header according to the improved T (n), then optimized cluster headers adopting PSO arithmetic. This method considered not only the energy of cluster headers but also the state information of the cluster members. Among clusters takes multi-hop communications. The cluster headers send data only to the vicinity node and not to the sink node very far away from them. This can reduce the energy consumption of individual nodes and achieve the network load balancing. We adopted the "types" in the concept to data fusion in the cluster members before sending data to cluster headers, then in the cluster headers adopted optimal weight method for multi-sensors data fusion.Using OPNET simulation tools to simulate and analyze separately the three improvements. Finally, we simulated the overall algorithm, the simulation results indicate that improved routing algorithm compared with LEACH: the overall low consumption, network life cycle increased by more than 10%, channel occupancy rate reduction and better network scalability.