Study On Press Policy Of Nanjing KMT Government

The press enterprise has a close relation with one country's future, it also relates to one country's education level, academic level and character of the nation, so press policy is an important part of one national's cultural policy. The period of Nanjing KMT government is an important stage that tried to bring the press management into a systemize management in modern China, we can say that the press policy played a quite important role in those complicated cultural and academic phenomenon during the Republic of China. As the political situation having been changed, the press policy of Nanjing KMT government also rectified subsequently. During the first decade of Nanjing KMT government, the period of the Anti-Japanese war and the civil war between CCP and KMT, the press policy and situation were differentiated and connected at the same time.The guiding ideology of Nanjing KMT government's press policy came from thought of Sun Yat-sen and Chiang Kai-shek, who were the first two leaders of KMT. It can't be denied that Sun Yat-sen and his "San-min doctrine" were origins of the guiding ideology of Nanjing KMT government's press policy under that situation, though the form is more important than the contents. As the mugwump of Nanjing KMT government, all of Confucianism, feudal confraternity ideas, warlike fascism thoughts and democratic opinion were syncretized in his mind, after those thoughts were grafted on San-min doctrine, obviously, it became the dominant thoughts of Nanjing KMT government's press policy.The first decade that the Nanjing KMT government came into existence was the stage that its press policy established and trend into stabilization. With the emergence of a series of laws such as Press law, Press law ordinance, Press censorship standard, The way outline of the check news etc, the situation of press was placed in the scope that the government can control inside. At the same time, Chinese people particularly intelligentsia have had strong democratic consciousness and national sense of responsibility through the baptism of the Republican thoughts and New Culture Exercise, rules of law has already could not fetter their strong wishes of taking the press as a carrier to spread abroad information and announce political views. With the Anti-Japanese war breaking out, the press called on to resist Japanese aggression. All of those factors urged the flood tide age of press to appear.After the Anti-Japanese war began, Nanjing KMT government established the cultural policy, taking nation and state into account that the culture was as importantas economy construction and national defense, press policy also turned into belligerency state. The publishing of ^Revise press law ? , (Revise a press law ordinance ?, {Press censorship standard )), ?The way on manuscript of magazines and books at wartime)} etc. Press laws of wartime because of needing on wartime. On the other hand, the choice of press's giving up selves' rights to exchanges national benefits, which had no use to arrest the deepen suppress about the press. Along with Anti-Japanese war, the free space of the press was more and more small. The press such as reporter, edit, and writer never stopped their anti- check action.Along with the ending of Anti-Japanese war, a majority of the press laws of wartime was abolished. However the civil war between CCP and KMT broke out before long, the press turned their attention to the future of China from the field of the Anti-Japanese war. They were opposing it and making a choice faced the press policy under the autarchy of Chiang Kai-shek.Category and amount of press that were banned were affected by the press policy of the government. After New Culture Exercises, the press mainly made up of intellectuals that embraced radicalism and liberalism have established themselves' pre-eminent consciousness. They would not give up their demand of free press. In the meantime, because of existence and development of Communist Party of China, the behavior banned press prolonged the whole period of Nanjing KMT government.Kuomintang and its regime carried out thought control instead of alleging free press in order to the fixedness of its regime. But the thought durance and the force inhibits towards press make Kuomintang isolate the people. They could not understand the people's distress and the limitation of themselves. As a result, China could not on the way of development under the domination of Kuomintang.