Study On Low Power Routing Algorithm For Real-time Monitoring Of Wireless Sensor Network

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new technology for acquiring information, which will be widely used in various fields. As the communication technology, sensor technology and computer technology is developing, more and more scholars are interested in the study of the WSN. The real-time monitoring is one of the typical application systems. The real-time monitoring system needs to acquire data periodically, and then transmit the data to the remote management centre. Continuous work of nodes will consume large amount of power, but the power of the nodes are very limited, which can not be supplemented in time. So the real-time detection network with low power consumption is in great need. So power consumption is one of the key issues in the WSN application. Lots of scholars have tried to design route protocols with low power consumption. The route protocol has the feature of correlation with application, so it is difficult to design a kind of route protocol which can be used in various fields. In this thesis, with the background of real-time monitoring application, I aim at designing a kind of simple and effective route protocol with low power consumption.This thesis built the structure of a real-time monitoring system based on WSN. On this basis, an improved route algorithm with low power consumption is designed which based on LEACH. The main purpose of this thesis is to increase the power usage of the entire network and to prolong the life of the network by reducing power consumption of network nodes. I focused on studying of the LEACH protocol, at the same time, I analysis and improvement of it, with the need for real-time monitoring applications. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:①I studied on the typical WSN route protocols, then I analyzed of routing characteristics and existing problems, and made comparison to the typical route protocols from several aspects.②I constructed the application system of real-time monitoring based on WSN, which improved flexibility and scalability of the system, on the basis of which the LEACH protocol is taken into the real-time monitoring network. As the LEACH has low power consumption, the power consumption of the whole network can be reduced, and the life of the network can be extended.③I have made deep analysis as to the problems existing in the LEACH protocol. In accordance with the problem that the existence of uneven distribution of cluster heads, low-energy nodes may be elected as cluster heads, this paper defined the value F to select cluster heads, which eliminate the low power nodes be chosen to cluster heads. At the same time, the paper optimized each size of cluster, solved problem of that hot-pot cluster heads are easy death. In order to solve problem of that a large amount of energy may be consumed between the base station and cluster heads by single-hop communication, a multi-hop routing algorithm based on local information was proposed, it can reduce energy consumption and prolong the network's lifetime.④The LEACH protocol and the improved algorithm were Simulate by Matlab simulation software. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm is better than the LEACH protocol in following aspects. It can balance network energy better and improve energy efficiency, prolong the network's lifetime, so it has a good value.