Research And Improvement Of LEACH Protocol In Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network as a new type of next-generation sensor network, which is both in national security and in the national economy aspects that are of great significance and value. National research and development of WSN will be more and more human, financial and material resources, the era of wireless sensor networks is just beginning.Undoubtedly wireless sensor network routing protocol technology is a very critical technology. Distribution in WSN networks with a large number of low performance's sensor nodes, these nodes communicate with each other by wireless to make the network data stream passing up. The data in such a wireless transmission is under way different from the traditional way of passing data network. It needs to always consider the network energy consumption and storage capacity. Routing protocol is mainly reflected in the network layer network protocol, it completed two major functions:First, choose the optimal path, the data transmission from the source node to destination node; first forwarded along the correct path to the selected data.This paper describes several typical classical planar routing protocols (flooding diffusion method, chat diffusion, directed diffusion, SPIN routing protocol) and the hierarchical routing protocol (LEACH routing protocol, PEGASIS routing protocols, TEEN routing protocols and SPEED routing Agreement), and the classification of these routing protocols comparison and the analysis of the performance. In this analysis, we found each routing protocol has its own advantages and disadvantages, and each routing protocol has its own range of application, which depends on the reality of the environmental monitoring applications.The main object of study is the routing protocol LEACH. LEACH routing protocol is an agreement on the load distribution of energy, the dynamic created by the cluster, the cluster head nodes using dynamic priority based on the path to select the best. Each node through the rotation will be the cluster head nodes, each node in the network load will be balanced as much as possible. LEACH routing protocol to achieve their own two-step cluster round, the first step is to set the cluster head node, the second step is fixed to achieve transmission of data. In the first step, inform the cluster head node cluster with the general nodes, normal nodes also request this information under the access to the appropriate cluster. In the second step, when, WSN network began to realize data transmission, normal nodes will collect the information transmitted by the way of wireless signals within the cluster head node, cluster head node to store this information, and through these information on the cluster formation, so that the number of clusters form a WSN.Original LEACH routing protocol model assumes that the sensor network nodes have the same energy. This is the case of homogeneous sensor networks. In reality, the sensor nodes are generally ranging from energy, the life time of the sensor network is limited, it is necessary to re-energize, to add more nodes to the sensor network. These new nodes and energy compared to the old nodes of a discrepancy, this heterogeneity has emerged. This paper studies the heterogeneity of nodes on the network impact. This paper describes a node in the initial energy of wireless sensor network model. First, set up a special energy model, and to improve the calculation of the optimal cluster head nodes. Assuming a certain percentage of the ratio of sensor nodes has more nodes than other energy configuration. Suppose in such a big area A=M×M, the region has been n number of the destination node located in the region. The number of nodes with high energy share ratio m of the number of all nodes, and if these high-energy nodes in the node and the normal ratio of the energy factorα. To make the network lifetime is extended, in order to make the network the greater the stability of the region, the associated routing protocol LEACH proposed to improve the LEACH-J of this improved algorithm, an algorithm in which I tried to keep the network energy consumption tend to be more balanced. Is intuitive, high energy cluster head node as the probability of lower energy than normal nodes, which is an objective of energy balance on the network as a constraint.Carried out by using the MATLAB software simulation and analysis of data from the experiment, obtained this conclusion:in the wireless sensor network node, LEACH algorithm is run is not so stable, it is the different nature of the network very sensitive. LEACH-J algorithm extends the network stability of the time, by the weighted cluster head election. LEACH-J from the performance of routing protocols can be observed in high energy nodes through the distribution of the additional amount to the zone all the nodes close to the ideal time to get an upper limit. LEACH-J compared to the LEACH routing protocol routing node in the consumption of energy on the high energy has advantages, making them more valuable energy.