The Research Of Movement To Forming People's Communes In Changsha City

City movement to forming People's communes is an important component of movement to form people's communes。It is our Party's blunder in probing the socialist modernization road. Studying deeply to it has important sense to socialist modernization construction. In this text Changsha City is the case, and it is wrote on the basis of collecting Hunan province's and Changsha City's establishment archival material and using research results about monographs and articles for reference.September, 1958, Changsha run pilot scheme the city people's commune,and had realized form People's communes in April, 1960.The movement had gone to a climax on now. In 1961, because of grave difficulty of national economy, the movement died gradually with the fact that the Changsha municipal Party committee puts central authority"Chinese character eight"guiding principle and"Handicraft industry thirty-five items"and"The instruction about current industry problem".City movement to forming People's communes in Changsha emphasized"large in size and collective in nature", put"Integration of government administration with commune management"into practice, had led to grave"Five atmosphere"problem. The commune gave first place to the whole people ownership, confused the proprietary and brought the knowing chaos. The commune wiped out individual economy completely, was the backward of Party's knowledge to the problem. The commune established the principle distributing according to one's performance and had defended public stability. But high accumulating for production and low consuming was harmful for the development of produce.The commune running industry was the outcome of"Great Leap Forward". It stressed subjectivity factor one-sidedly, and not considering real objective condition, so, it had many problems. However, it played a positive role and made certain history contributions. For example, liberated Woman, satisfied the well-being of the masses need, created public wealth and so on. The commune canteen as the socialism position was one kind of wrong cognition, and there existed big defects in it, the hurry dissolved destiny was inevitable.Arising suddenly and dying rapidly was the Changsha city People's communes most notable history characteristic , whose main causes have: the central authority leaders'cautious attitude; City People's commune system took root flighty and it's no proper character; the wrong method had dampened the masses enthusiasm gravely; National economy's grave difficulty in 1961.Get a clear understanding of the primary stage of socialism objective reality, respect socialism developing law, can't use mass campaign to encourage economic development, must deepen to socialist economy law cognition. Know the basal principle of production relation with the productive force all round. These are the movement has also left deep history lesson for us.