Water Conservancy And Local Societies Of LongQuan Since The Ming And Qing Dynasties

From the perspective of regional social history studies, and based on the study of water conservancy,this paper mainly explores the constructions,operations and managements of the two irrigation organizations,Nan Ao Bei and Bei Ao Bei,during Ming and Qing dynasty. which local in the longquan county of JiangXi province.Then explores the mechanisms of the civil society of the Qing dynasty .There are three parts in the paper as followings:In the first part,starting from the ecological environment,this paper explores the relations between the geological features,regional developments and water conservancies. It points out that special characteristics of geology, coupled with the disorder reclamations of this region in the Ming and Qing dynasty,the local ecological environment has been greatly damaged .It is the natural and social elements that together cause the deterioration of the ecological environment .and the deterioration of the ecological environment also affects the water conservancy developments of this region.The second part analyses the constructions,operations and managements of this two irrigation organizations , Nan Ao Bei and Bei Ao Bei. It believes that the constructions of local water conservancy projects became apparently civilized trends during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The squires class have become the main responsible person of the water conservancy organizations. There is a high degree of autonomy in the operations and managements of the water conservancy organizations. Throughout the whole process of the constructions of the water conservancy projects , the state power plays an important role as the symbols of local social justice , order and authority.Finally, it studies some civil society organizations such as the clans ,clubs and temples and the important roles they played during the operating process of the water conservancy organizations. These civil society organizations actively involved in local affairs, with the participation of social order maintenance and self-management.