Dream And Reality

The popular viewpoint about Stolypin's agrarian reform of Russia in academia is that the basis of the reform was dignitary standard, and the essence of the reform was "the eldest son deviding the inheritance"and supported the rich peasants as the foundation stone of Tsar' despotic government, and the result of the reform was that the most peasants suffered from the reform, whereas the landlords and the rich peasants benefited. So, the reform progressive on economy but reactionary on politics resulted in the movement of the commune renewing and the Revolution of 1917, in a word, "from unfair reform to anti-reform revolution".But I think that agrarian reform was irresistible after 1861.However, Stolypin's agrarian reform was too late because it was carried on after the Revolution of 1905 but not before. The basis of the reform was stability and order, so, although the landlords' land was not changed on a large scale in the process of the reform, the rich peasants were not taken sides.Actually, the poor and the rich all benefited little from the reform. The essence of the reform was to erect peasants' privately owned power in land and carry on land settlement so to destroy the commune system and to replace it with yeomenry system(to erect khutora and otruba). However, khutora and otruba was not fair as allotments of the commune to many peasants, they were sentimentally attached to the commune system. At the same time, agriculture productivity was not remarkably promoted due to the reform. The com export on a large scale during the reform is at the price of compressing domestic storage, which resulted in the widespread beggarliness turn.In addition, the rule that a few even one peasant's petition for land settlement must to be satisfied compelled many peasants taking part in the reform. Finally, the two main contents of the reform, to erect peasants' privately owned power in land and land settlement, was a relation of contrary theory, moreover, land settlement was over emphasized in the process of the reform, which offen destroyed most peasants'privately owned power in land and it had not been erected really yet. These all resulted in peasants' dissatisfaction, which was one of biggest backgrounds of the Revolution of 1917.Stolypin hoped to retrieve Tsar's regime by the reform to complete the society transform, however, the reform was utmost under Tsar's despotic system. The reform...