Late Qing Dynasty In Ningbo And Shaoxing County Fiscal Autonomy

Financial autonomy in the analysis of income and expenditure in the county, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, detailed analysis of the two counties constitute autonomous fiscal revenue and expenditure structure, and try to quantify. The first source of income for the county self-government when the county tax, public funds to public property, local and other miscellaneous taxes, including county taxes, miscellaneous local taxes a large proportion; County Tax occurs when autonomy is a unique county taxes, for the first time when the county self-government purely self-government tax, referred to as the second autonomous province of the county total county taxes, the county accounted for 70%, 30% provincial. The main expenditures in the police, education, public, autonomous bodies, industrial and other things on which the police, education spending in most. County Self when the second source of funding with autonomy when autonomy similar to the first, only local taxes in miscellaneous donations to be reverted to the province of the police, not included in the county self-government funding sources. When the second major expenditure County Self education, self-government institutions, public and so on, where education has become the largest expense of a self funding.Mode of operation of the county fiscal autonomy of the Western democratic rules absorption ,specifically,the seperation of powers and checks and balances .The first county elected self-government by the County Council resolved to master the power distribution of self-government funding, the county council funding to grasp the power of self examination, the county Office (government) control storage, the actual spending power. But a system is problematic in itself, the core is too much power to master the county Office. County Administration practice of corruption, misappropriation of funds of autonomy serious, but monitor is not vigorous enough. Therefore, when the second time when the county self-government, and accordingly set up a new body, the Counsellor will. This body replaced the County Office's mandate. And establish a strong monitoring body, the County Council was given power to check the autonomy of funds. Therefore, such a system works in practice, the less problem; is out of the problem easy to solveCounty absorbed the modern Western financial autonomy of financial thought, established a relatively perfect modern financial system. If a budget and final accounts, and open to the public. Note separation of powers in operation, the formation of the checks and balances between institutions. Ningbo and Shaoxing County, the place also affect the actual design of fiscal autonomy. As is located in Ningbo and Shaoxing in coastal areas, a large number of familiar modern Western financial management personnel, so not only can well implement the central authorities issued by the county self-government fiscal system, and introduced some complementary local regulations to further improve the county fiscal autonomy system.County, appearance and expansion of financial autonomy in fact the evolution of the functions of county government have a great relationship. It is because of the emergence of Late Qing Dynasty, the rapid expansion of the functions of county government. Most of these things later on are integrated into the local self-government among the things. Finance the expansion of powers led to expansion of autonomous transactions is so widespread, there is no solid financial support is impossible. County and county self-government self-government finance the implementation of the operation of the county Republican finance and functions of county government had a profound impact.