Retrospective Analysis On Sudden Deafness Of 76 Cases

Objective: Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL or SD) (i.e., unexplained unilateral sensorineural hearing loss with onset over a period of less than 72 hours) has an estimated incidence between 5 and 20 per 100,000 persons per year.The cause and pathogenesis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss remain unknown. Proposed theories include vascular occlusion, membrane breaks, and viral infections, autoimmune processes, and metabolic .(1) circulatory disturbance: include hemorrhage, thrombosis, embolism, vasospasm, and hypercoagulability. thus indicating that a local ischemic event leading to hypoperfusion of the cochlea may play a pathogenetically relevant role.(2) viral infection. Both direct and indirect evidence exist for the inflammatory reaction theory: SSHL has been associated temporally with active viral upper respiratory illnesses; patients with SSHL have antibody titers to several viruses. (3)Rupture of the oval window, round window membrane, or intracochlear membrane rupture is another possible etiology, particularly in those cases following barotrauma, exertion, or external trauma.(4) autoimmune processes is another possible etiology.For which a variety of treatments exist. The treatments for SSHL, including vasoactive hemodilutional substances, systemic antiviral agents, carbogen, vitamins, and oral or intratympanic steroids. However, an evidence based approach to treatment of this condition remains unclear.Accordingly , To discuss the relevant factors related with aetiology,clinical characteristic and prognosis of sudden deafness have clinical significance and can help to provide chinical reference.Methods: In this study , seventy-six patients who presented to our hospital (from 2007.9 to 2010.2) with sudden hearing loss have been analyzed. On admission, all the patients underwent a general physical examination, audiologic tests (pure tone audiometry, brainstem evoked response audiometry, otoacoustic emissions), some patients tested by magnetic resonanceimaging or CT. Some relative diseases have been excluded. To investigate the effect of the correlation factors(such as age,sex,different ear,time for treat,deafness degree,deafness type,vertigo,tinnitus; systemic conditions ) on the prognosis of sudden deafness by means of x2or Wilcoxon analysis.Result: The incidence of sudden deafness is high , Seventy-six patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria.Age ranged from 8 to 72 years, typically occurs between 40 years and 60 years of age, with about equal distribution between men and women. Four patients presented with a bilateral neurosensory hearing loss.Vertigo was present in 23.7% and tinnitus in 61.84% . By means of x2 and Wilcoxon analysis, the effective rates of treatment between sex,tinnitus was not significant t(P>0.05) ,but vertigo,age,deafness type,deafness degree,time for treat wassignificant (P<0.05) .Conclusion: SSHL is a common disease ,the incidence is high ,we should check the patients carefully ,and in addition to routine treatment, the above mentioned factors of sudden deafness patients should be used other comprehensive treatments witch can elevate the cure rate.