Study Of The Visual Deficits Pattern In Strabismic And Anisometropic Amblyopic Patiens

PurposeAmblyopia is a developmental eyes disorder, characterized by the deficit in spatital acuity (central vision, spatial orientation, contrast sensitity) result from the abnormal visual experience during the critical period. From the point of psychophysical, we compare the differences in the patterns of visual loss between strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia, to elucidate the difference in the pathogenesis between them.MethodsUsing psychophysical methods, we designed Grating acuity, Edge contrast sensitivity, Binocular motion integration function, Contrast sensitivity function tests, and examined the visual functions of 125 cases from 8 to 40-year-old. Then we apply the Origin8.0 software for statistical analysis of experimental data, including the Pearson, Spearman, t-test, linear regression analysis and so on. We do the correlation analysis between the grating acuity, edge contrast sensitivity, binocular motion integration function and optotype acuity, and the similarity comparison of the contrast sensitivity function curve between the strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia. Results1 The grating acuity has a strong correlation with optotype acuity, the correlation value is 0.8.1. The loss in grating acuity is on average smaller than the corresponding loss in optotype acuity; the exponent of the best-fitting power function is 0.55. The grating acuity of the srabismic group was roughly 10% lower than the whole abnormal population, for any given level of optotype acuity;2 The edge contrast threshold has a weak correlation with optotype acuity, the correlation value is 0.33. It shows a very modest increase with optotype acuity (exponent=0.26), Anisometropes, for a given level of optotype acuity, have edge contrast thresholds that are 12% higher (i.e.,worse) than the whole population, while strabismic and strabismic-anisometropes have edge contrast thresholds that are 20% lower (i.e.,better) than the whole population;3 The CSF of all amblyopic eyes were reduced in comparison with the non-amblyopic eye of the same person, the peak sensitivity shifted toward to the low spatial frequency region, the CS curve was depressed especially in the middle and high spatial frequencies, there are no significant difference, but at low frequency area there are statistically significant between the two type amblyopia.4 At any given level of grating acuity, there was a highly significant difference (p<0.01) in the optotype acuity between the binocular group and non-binocular group. This result means that non-binocular observers generally show worse optotype acuity than binocular observers.ConclusionsThere are differences in the patterns of visual loss between strabismic and anisometropic amblyopic patients.