| Background: As a major public health problem worldwide, HIV/AIDS has been paid much attention by both the UN and all the nations because of its serious hazards. Also China is not free from the torment of this disease. By the end of Oct. 2010, there were about 370,000 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in China. Alarge amount of human, financial and material resources are needed to take care of this population. However, these tangible resources are limited; we need invisible resources to promot their effectives and offset their shortages. As a hot academic topic, social capital theory has been widly used in politic, ecomonic and health areas. It is an invisible capital that is inbeded in social networks, and it has an irreplaceable role in the work of HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Aim: Get a general idea of the basic social economic situation, the current situation of the stock of social capital and quality of life in this population. Find out the influence factors of social and the key social capital that related to the quality of life. Provide suggestions on strengthening the social capital construction among PLWHA.Methods: Convenience sampling was used to choose the registered PLWHAs in CDCs of Maanshan city, Wuhu city, Bengbu city, Langxi county, Chuzhou city, Liuan city and Anqing city in Anhui province during Sep.2010 to Mar. 2011. The questionnaires were accomplished by both face to face and telephone ways. Epidata 3.10 was used to do the data input, and SPSS 15.0 was used to do the data analysis. Quantitative data were expressed by mean±standard deviation and analyzesed by ANOVA or non-parametric test. Qualitative data were expressed by ratio or proportion and compared byχ2 test Fisher exact test. The test level was α=0.05. Multi liner regression or logistic regression were used to analysis the influence factorsResults:(1)315 of the total 348 PLWHAs were investigated, the response rate was 90.52%;(2) Social capital status: 248 (78.7%) of all the respondents had a intimate interaction with relatives; 135 (42.9%) of them had no intimate friend; 236(74.9%) of them lived with families; 181 (57.5%) of them chatted a lot with friends, coworkers or neighbors; 107(34.0%) never care for each other with others; 45(14.29%) of them joined one or more organizations, the main organization pattern is religion ones; 41(13.02) of them took part in community activities or meetings; and 266(84.44%) of them could get care and help when they were sick, and the main source of help came from their family members(78.9%); 216(68.57%) of them can get economic help when they were short of money, and the main source was family members(76.9%); 291(92.38%) of the respondents believed their family members/relatives/friends, 224(71.11%) of them believed their neighbors, 222(70.48%) of them believed community cadres, 313 (99.37%) of them believed medical workers and 313 (99.37%) of them believed HIV prevention and control workers.(3) The influence factors of social network were age(OR=0.973),marriage stattus(OR=0.275),job(OR=2.903和OR=0.973)and test methods(OR=3.357); the influence factors of social support was region(OR=13.282,3.415 and 7.132);there was no influence factor of trust to professionals and the influence factors of trust to ordinary people was test methods(OR=0.224); the influence factors of group membership were educational level (OR=9.739), religion belief(OR=18.825),infection way(OR=7.334)and region(OR=0.218); The influence factors of community participate was educational level.(4) The reliability and validity of social capital questionnaire: the overall Cronbach'sαwas 0.724, as for the construct validity, 6 principal components were extracted which can explain 73.471% of the total variance.(4) quality of life: aspects of role fuction, physics fuction, pain, social fuction and cognitive ability have a high socre(>80), while the aspects of emotional status, energy status, self report health, health stress, self report quality of life, health transform have a low sorce(<70); (5) the relationship of social capital and quality of life: factors of social network, social support, trust to professionals and general population have a strong relationship with every aspect of life quality.(5) Quality of life: aspects of role function(82.54±32.61), physics function(90.13±13.59), pain(91.19±18.55), social function(84.57±24.46) and cognitive ability(84.57±24.46)have high scores(>80), while the aspects of emotional status(60.13±23.17), energy status(58.98±25.57), self report health(44.87±17.26), health stress(66.54±25.37), self report quality of life(50.71±21.24), health transform(47.86±11.86) have low scores (<70);(6) The relationship of social capital and quality of life: social network had influence on emotional status, energy status, cognitive ability, self report health, health stress, self report quality of life and overall mental health; social support could influence all the dimensions of life quality except pain; trust to ordinary people had influence on emotional status, energy status, cognitive ability, self report health, health stress, self report quality of life, health transform and overall mental health; trust to professionals had influence on physics function, emotional status, energy status, self report health, health stress, self report quality of life, health transform and overall mental health; group membership had no influence on any of the life quality dimension; community participation had influence on social function.Conclusions: (1) The social capital questionmare used in this study had a good reliability and validity; (2)PLWHA have a weak social network, and their social support sources are limited, they trust professionals very much while their trust level to ordinary people is low, their participate level is very low; (3) The influence factors of social capital were age, education level, job, marriage status, belief status, infection way and test method;(4)Social support had a influence on every aspect of PLWHAs'life quality, it is the most important factor for this population, while the effect of participation level was not so obvious.Recommendations: (1)Establish and consummate social support system for PLWHAs; (2)Reconstruct PLWHAs'social network; (3)Make full use of religion organizations; (4)Develop community-based organizations and NGOs, and make them to play the role of caring and supporting. .
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