Research Of Occupational Stress,Job Burnout And Depression Symptoms Among Physicians

IntroductionResent years, the acdemic and society have paid a lot of attensions to the problems of job burnout and depression symptoms which are caused by occupational stress. The quality of medical care and job performance will be bound to deciline under the circumstances of the declining of mental health and the physical health. There are foreign researches indicated that physicians are sustaining higher levels of occupational stress and job burnout and the problem of depression symptom appears. Resent studies showed that the occupational stress, job burnout and depression symptoms occur in an increasing trend and because the late study of occupational stress in China, the research of relationship among occupational stress, job burnout and depression symptoms is also rare. This study found that there was direct and indirect relationships among occupational stress, job burnout and depression symptoms after investigated the 1500 medical staffs from twenty hospitals in 6 cities of Liaoning province,2008.The aim of this study is to developing the occupational psychology, preventing the occupational stress, job burnout and depresssion symptoms and improving the quality of medical care in China after researching the occupational stress, job burnout and depression symptoms, investigating the influnecing factors and analysing the interaction mechanism of the three.Based on reviewing the documents and the former investigates, we propose these three hypotheses:H1:The job burnout and depression symptoms will increasingly happen after excessive psychological job demands,effort and overcommitment. There is significant adjustment to job burnout and depression symptoms after improving the decision latitude,social support and personal accomplishment.H2:There is preferable predictions of job demand-control model and effort-reward imbalance model to job burnout and depression symptoms. H3:Job burnout plays part in the development and has a significant passive influence on depression symptoms.Based on the former research foundations and the models assumed, this design included demographic research, occupational stress, job burnout, depression symptoms, job satisfaction and anxiety investigations. This study mainly focus on the research of occupational stress, job burnout and depression symptoms. According to analysising occupational stress, job burnout and depression symptoms, construct the model of "occupational stress-the intermediation of job burnout-depression symptoms" theory based on "stress reaction-the influence of intermediation of job burnout-depression symptom".Objects and MethodsThis research investigated 1300 physicians from 7 hospitals of 6 cities included both grade two and grade three hospitals, access occupational stress by the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ)and Effort-Reward Imbalance(ERI), define job burnout as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS), and to evaluate the depression symptoms with the Centre of Epidemiology Studies-Depression scale(CES-D), gathered the demographic statistics with the Physicians' basic information questionnaire. Data was entered with Epidata3.0 software, analysed by SPSS 13.0 statistics software. Hierarchical multiple regression and multi-logistic regression were used to explore the explanatory of the independent variables to the dependent variables. Structural equation model (SEM) was used to test and verify the mediating effect of job burnout between occupational stress and depression symptoms.ResultsThere is no significant difference in the relation of occupational stress-job burnout-depression symptoms between different demographic groups. Occupational factors included psychological job demands, effort and overcommitment have main effect to the three dimensions of job burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment), while decision latitude, social support and reward have significant moderating effects after hierarchical multiple regression. Low demand-low decision latitude and high demand-low reward(stressful types), low effort-low reward and high effort-low reward (stressful types) and high levels of overcommitment all have a high correlation with the appearance of depression symptoms(OR:1.468,1.417, 1.494,1.606 and 2.191). As a final result, the relative risk of depression symptoms evidently reduced after controlling the three dimensions of job burnout. The job demand-control model and effort-reward imbalance model both have better predict to the relation of "occupational stress-job burnout-depression symptoms". And the result of the SEM indicated that job burnout played a mediating effect between occupational stress and depression symptoms.ConlusionThe occupational stress independent variables have mainly effects to all the three dimensions of job burnout, while the moderating variables have significant moderating effect. The job burnout and depression symptoms will increasingly happen after excessive occupational stress. There is significant moderating effects to job burnout and depression symptoms after improving the decision latitude,social support and personal accomplishment.Both of job demand-control model and effort-reward imbalance model have preferable predictions to job burnout and depression symptoms.Job burnout plays a mediating effect part among the relationship of occupational stress and job burnout. Depression symptoms among doctors can be significantly declined after adjusting job burnout. Job burnout, as a possible negative result, plays part in the development and has a significant passive influence on depression symptoms.