Studies On Balance Issue Of Basic Health Care System Between Urban And Rural Area In China

Health is the prerequisite of all social activities, and it is also the guarantee to get more interest. With the gradual improvement of human consciousness and an improving standard of living,health has aroused more concern in the nowadays society. Therefore, health care issues have scratched more important to. However, as an important part of social security, the health care system the one with most complex is recognized as " globalized problem". It fairly operates plays a very important role for almost undertaking of our country.Every country in the world which want to form,develop and complete each health care system have experienced varying degrees of twists and turns. In this difficult process, every countries form their health care system according to their different levels of history, cultural background and comprehensive national conditions. And with the development of the economy and society, the countries all over the world is prefecting their medical care system constantly. All of these provide the reference value for our country's health care system which is improving gradually. For the past many years, all levels of governments made more efforts to solve the multitude's"expensive medical and difficult to see the doctor"dilemma. However the government's reforming policies always lean to the city's interest. This create the difference in social security policy between the urban and rural. And it also indicates that the government haven't played its role and policy doesn't work well in rural health care. And now country is still in the different health care system between urban and rural. Due to the dual economic structure between urban and rural which have formed in planning economy period, urban residents have more health care, the farmers who are relying on people's communes have the lower level of health care. After reforming and opening policy, we focus on our construction on urban areas. The government invest a lot of money to build the city's health care. But for the rural areas, after the disintegration of communes, farmers lost their health care. Along with the gradual increase investment to the rural, and the new rural cooperative medical system have been started, the government fills the gaps in rural health care.Unbalance exists indeed between urban and rural health care system by analysing the justification, medical resource allocation, and treatment level between these security systems. With the government input and improve more for health care system, the cooperative medical care system,basic medical insurance system for urban working people and medical insurance system for urban residents have been established. These three models have achieved perfect results. The "wide coverage and low standards " objective have been completed. But these can not solve the medical problems between urban and rural areas. The property of share and equity in the health care have not been reflected. The difference between urban and rural areas have really has hindered the development. How can we to solve the difference in health care? The Government should continue to give inputs to the health care, and establish a unified medical care system between urban and rural as soon as possible. The target of constructing and developing our medical care system is that ensuring every citizen enjoy their health and improving their healthy level constantly. To achieve this goal we should integrate the current system following the step of inosculating the ternary structure into dual structure, and finally developing into the unified medical care system .To complete the unified health care system between urban and rural areas is difficult and complexed work. Based on the current situation, we can complete the unified health care system in stages. At the beginning, the government should integrate the system properly and universalize the management. And then step to the goal of constructing a unified health care system.Thus, it is necessary for the government to undertake the responsibility of supporting basic medical care. And solve increasingly serious unfair problems of medical care between urban and rural areas, and establish a unified medical care system between them. This is also one of the important content of implementing the scientific development value, achieving the coordinated development between economy and society, and constructing the harmonious society.Based on the real situation in China and the present situation of medical care system between urban and rural areas, this paper scratches unified medical care system between urban and rural areas under the background of harmonious society through the methods of comparative and sum-up analysis after reading large quantity of documents both here and abroad.Besides the introduction and ending this paper is divided into four parts:The first part is summary of typical basic medical insurance in foreign countries. And mainly introduces the medical insurance about commercial, free, social, and community cooperative modes, and the countries which are typically representitive. In a meanwhile, find out some experience and revelations for our constructing of medical care system between urban and rural areas.The second part is the general situations of our medical care in both urban and rural. It mainly reflects the current situations, achievement, and deficiency of cooperative medical care system, basic medical insurance system for urban working people, and medical insurance system for urban residents. And provide a foundation for the futuer comparation between them.The third part is the comparation between urban and rural medical care system. And it specificly analyses the justification, medical resource allocation, and treatment level between these medical security system, and work out the conclusion that unbalance exists indeed. And it is urged for our country to solve the problems of disparity in urban and rural medical care system.The fourth part is the proposal which recommends to establish a unified medical care system between urban and rural areas. To solve the problems of unbalanced between urban and rural medical care system, this paper try to give an suggestions that establish a unified medical care system at the angle of imbalance between these two separated parts. And the unified establishment of urban and rural medical care will not reach our aim in one move but a following in proper sequence. So we should step towards to constructing unified medical care system between urban and rural areas steadily.