Study On The Qualification And Evaluation System Of Dual-Qualification Nursing Teachers

BACKGROUNDThe construction and evaluation of nursing teaching team has been the hot spot at home and abroad, the number of nursing department has increased from 18 to more than 100 with higher nursing education scale continuing to enlarge, this offered good chance for nursing development, but this also resulted in lack of full-time nursing teachers. The performance of dual-qualification can not only increase the chance of clinical practice of full-time nursing teacher, but also increase the opportunity of teaching, and then solve the problem of the lack of nursing teachers better. According to the standard of dual-teacher provided by national ministry of education, dual-qualification nursing teachers means the teachers who not only have rich teaching practice but also have rich clinical practice can engage in teaching in class and clinical nursing work and instruct students in clinical practice. The dual role can integrate teaching in class and clinical practice, embody the integrity of curriculum fully and effectively cultivate senior practical talents. The file from ministry of education pointed out that the system of evaluation and appointment of dual-qualification nursing teachers should be established singly and supported by policy. At present many colleges established the standard about qualification and evaluation individually according to their actual condition. Own to the different standard, the results among colleges made a great difference. Study on the qualification and evaluation system of dual-qualification nursing teachers can make the guide for choice and evaluation of dual-qualification nursing teachers, and make itdevelop with healthy and normally.OBJECTIVE1. Constructing selection standard can provide dual-qualification nursing teachers withevidents, and solve the lack of nursing teachers in school.2.Constructing evalution method can check dual-qualification nursing teachersregularly, and then improve teaching quality.3.The performance of dual-qualification make hospital and school close combination,and improve the quality of the whole nursing team.METHODSUsing the Delphi method, a total of 23 experts in different nursing field were consulted. Then using the analytic hierarchy process, relevant weights were developed. These experts come from four medical universities, five hospitals in Guangzhou,Chongqing,Xian,Shanghai. All experts have high technical posts. Professor is 10 persons (43.48%), associate professor is 13 persons(56.52%); undergraduate is 11 persons(47.83%), higher than graduate is 12(52.17%); working years of these experts range from 14 to 40; the mean is 27.17±8.138(SD); experts from education field is 8 persons, clinical nursing experts is 9 persons and nursing management experts is 6 persons; average age is 46.09±7.543.The questionnaire of expert consultation, which was based on consultation and retrospective literature, was designed according to the result of the pilot study. The questionnaire involves 6 main factors and 64 items: selection criteria,training method,evaluation,certification method,time and department. After three rounds of expert investigation, I analyze the feedback opinions from experts, and using analytic hierarchy process, relevant weights were developed, and then construct the system of dual-qualification nursing teachers. Based on this, three questionnaires can be evaluated dual-qualification nursing teachers from nurses,students and their selves. The next is to test the reliability and validity.In the study, describing statistics was used to analyze demographic constitution of experts. Mean and coefficient of variance was used to describe the experts' opinion of the importance of the item; and coefficient of Kendall's W, percentage of questionnaire received and the authority degree of experts were used to examine the reliability and representation of expert consultation. In the three questionnaires, the internal consistency of questionnaire was examined by calculating Cronbach alpha; construct validity was evaluated by factor analysis and correlation analysis. The data was analyzed by using statistical package SPSS13.0 and Excel 2003.RESULTS1. Reliability and Consistency of the Expert ConsultationExpert is the focus for Delphi method. The results are measured by representativeness,enthusiam,authority,coordination of experts. The experts come from four medical university and five hospitals in Guangzhou Xian Chongqing and Shanghai. The percentage of questionnaire received from the three rounds of expert consultation was more than 80%, beyond to the standard of 50%. The Kendall's W is over 0.4, 0.4-0.5 is received normally. In addition, authority degree of experts is beyond 0.8. Therefore, based on practice and theory, the expert consultation had high reliability.2. Filtrate Index and Set Weight of ItemUsing Likert 5-scale method to describe the experts' opinion of the importance of the item, the mean beyond 3.5 and the coefficient of variance less than 0.25 were used to filtrate index. Conclusion could be drawn according to the statistics above. Mean of item had been used to calculate the Satty sign. According to the analytic hierarchy process, next was to establish the multi-ranks judge matrix. And then the weight of item was identified. The value of RI showed that evaluation index system of certificating dual-qualification nursing teacher had logical consistency. By using principle of probability multiplication, weight of each item could be set up. Based on the evaluation index system of certificating, dual-qualification nursing teacher and weight of item set up. We established the assessment model.3. Examination of Evaluation Index System of CertificationBased on the evaluation system, three questionnaires are formed, nurses,students and their selves respectively. The Cronbach a is 0.903,0.922,0.934, the expert consultation had high reliability. It was found that in correlation analysis value of item vs. its superior grade item had higher correlation coefficient than value of items vs. other grade item. In nurses evaluation questionnaires, the factor analysis result showed that four factors were picked up which proved the role and function. The cumulative extraction sum of squared loadings were 69.051%; in students evaluation questionnaires, the factor analysis result showed that two factors were picked up which proved the role and function. The cumulative extraction sum of squared loadings were 66.241%, these data suggest that configuration of questionnaire was accordant to the result of factor analysis in the main. The questionnaire had a better reliability and construct validity.CONCLUSIONSAfter three rounds of expert investigation and statistics analysis, the dual-qualification nursing teacher evaluation index system was established and validated. Finally, we discussed the significance of establishing of the evaluation index system.1. Construct the qualification and evaluation system of dual-qualificationSelection condition includes 8 aspects: professional certificate of nursing,educational background,professional title,working time,teaching time in clinical,teaching essays,computer and English. Training methods involved lecture,classroom observations,trial teaching and examination. Evaluation included 5 aspects 35 items, the second grade is professional attitude,clinical nursing level,nursing teaching level,nursing science level and interpersonal relationship. The certification department is nursing school or personnel department in medical university. The certification method is individual application,recommendation by hospital and evaluation by experts. The certification time is 3 years.2. Foundation and Examination of the Assessment Model of CertificationBased on the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process, weight of item ofevaluation system was calculated. Using such two scientific method, logicality andaccuracy of the study would be enhanced. By using assessment model, we could certificate the competency of dual-qualification and evaluate their role and function. According to three questionnaires, we concluded that evaluation index system had both rationality and feasibility, and the assessment model had a better reliability and validity, it provided a set of standard evaluation pattern.3. Significance of the establishment of the Evaluation Index SystemThe aim is to cultivate clinical nursing expert who can adapt to the changing medical underground and engaged in nursing practice based on nursing theory and nursing science. The duty of the teacher is to lead and guide students, cultivate students' capable and teach them learn how to study,be a person,cooperation and survive, so enhance the selection and evaluation is very important. Though dual-qualification team construction is performed many years in a lot of university, there are many problems such as concept uncertain,selection standard not unified and so on. The significance of qualification and evaluation system of dual-qualification nursing teachers: (1)selection condition can make the dual-qualification teacher selected by evidence. (2) Dual-qualification teachers from clinic solve the lack of nursing teachers in school and increase the communication between clinical nursing teachers and full-time nursing teachers, and increase teaching quality. (3) The performance of dual-qualification make hospital and school close combination, and improve the quality of the whole nursing team. (4) It's role is to guide and balance for the development of dual-qualification, and ensure the nursing construction develop healthy. So The performance of dual-qualification is a win-win method for clinical nursing and nursing teaching.