| Since the national rural health work conference was held in Beijing on Oct 2002, a new-type rural cooperative medical system has come into being, which is an important part of China's social security system. It is a basic medical security system in rural areas with Chinese characteristics in which farmers participate voluntarily through the governments' organization,guiding as well as supporting. It is a mutual-help and cooperative system, mainly planning as a whole for the severe illnesses, and is funded by individuals,communities as well as governments. The experiment was launched in 2003 in our country. At the fifth meeting of the Tenth NPC session in 2007, Premier Wen Jiabao pointed out in The Government Work Report that: "We must actively implement the new rural cooperative medical system and try to extend the pilot to more than 80 percent of the counties (urban). Those well-condition places can go even faster. The central financial subsidy funds run into 10.1 billion yuan, 5.8 billion yuan more than in 2006." After the new-type rural cooperative medical care system launched, both good results and some problems had got in the experimental work in some areas. The most leading reasons for the problems are the lack of legal protection and depending on only some regulatory documents and Health Administration regulations, the lower legislative level and no enough binding. This paper begins with the formation and development of China's traditional rural cooperative medical system, trying to explore the establishment and development of the new rural cooperative medical care system as well as the main problems cropping out during the course. Besides, it also covers the relative systems of some foreign countries and sums up foreign advanced experience and enlightenment on this problem. Furtherly, it brings up some legal proposals for China's new rural cooperative medical system, and some constructive advice for the improvement of that system. |
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