Investigation Of Perinatal Maternal Health Status And Analysis Of The Effect Of Health Education

Perinatal maternal conservancy state is associated with the health level of a nation directly, therefore doing a good job of perinatal maternal health education is a necessary means and ways to ensure the health of mother and baby.Objective:To understand the demand situation for perinatal maternal conservancy service, to explore the relation between health education and termination of accouchment and to investigate the current situation of perinatal maternal conservancy and health education in order to elevate the equality of perinatal maternal conservancy service and provide new information for making the model of perinatal maternal conservancy service consummate.Methods:By epidemiological investigation and clinical control study methods, we selected randomly 410 primiparas whose childbirth were in hospital from 2007.9 to 2008.5 as objects of investigation and observation, then carried out on-site questionnaires and interviews about perinatal maternal conservancy and observed the effect of knowledge lecture on normative health education. Finally, these data were dealed with single-factor analysis and multivariate analysis.Results:The results show that in the condition that pregnant women who participated in the maternal school (Educated group) do not have a significant difference compared with pregnant women in the control group in age, education level and occupation constitute, the educated group exceed 7.9 score than uneducated group about knowledge of 25 issues in areas such as prenatal care, postpartum care, newborn feeding, disease prevention and family planning. The frequency of pregnant women in educated group carrying out prenatal care was 9.2 times on average, while in the control group it was 4.2 times, so prenatal conservancy of educated group were better than that of control group, P<0.05. Among many factors affecting maternal prenatal examination, maternal bigger age, conservancy knowledge scored lower, poor family life and husband's lower education level are main factors. The maternal conservancy knowledge score and education level also had an effect on the frequency of prenatal examination during the process of pregnancy. Pregnant women in educated group understood the knowledge about maternal nutrition and family self-custody; furthermore, they were familiar with delivery process, presymptom in labor and the corresponding characters of uterine contraction; they thought childbirth is a natural physiological process; they mastered the knowledge about breast-feeding, postpartum convalescence and newborn nursing. Therefore, the ratios of pregnant women in educated group acquiring the knowledge in the above aspects were significantly higher than those in control group. By statistical analysis, P<0.05. The prenatal weight of pregnant women in control group was 76.08 kg on average, which increased 20.34 kg than before pregnance. These indexes of control group are higher significantly than those of educated group, P<0.05. Health education had no effect on body height of newborn infant on birth, but there were obvious difference between weight of newborn infant on birth in educated group (3182g) and weight of newborn infant on birth in control group(3265g), P<0.05. In educated group parturients insisting natural accouchement occupied 62.0% among all objects investigated, while in control group parturients insisting natural accouchement only occupied 33.7%, therefore, there were obvious difference between them, P<0.05. Even though parturients in two groups chosing uterine-incision delivery, parturients in educated group were affected by social factors less than parturients in control group, P<0.05. The ratio that parturients in educated group in labor accompanied with uterine inertia, fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia occupied were lower than that in control group, P<0.05. Likewise, it occurred postpartum hemorrhage in educated group less than in control group. Prenatal health education made parturients realize the importance of breast feeding, therefore the ratio of breast feeding in educated group (92.7%) was higher than that in control group (51.2%), P<0.05. Investigation showed pregnant women and parturients were in need of knowledge of conservancy, among which the demand for self-monitoring of fetal movement and the demand for the baby's nursing after parturition were of most importance; Over half of pregnant women and parturients thought attending the mantal school, watching educational films and introduced by friends were the best ways to acquire knowledge of perinatal conservancy.Conclusion :To carry out the perinatal maternal health seminars can enhance the sanitary awareness of pregnant women and parturients and improve the equality of perinatal conservancy; holding classes for pregnant women and making them watch educational films are the best forms of education.