Research On Health Education Needs Of Pregnant And Postpartum Women In Taiyuan City

Objective:This study aimed to determine the characteristics and access routes preferences of maternal and child health information for pregnant and postpartum women by investigating the demands ststus of maternal and child health information content,access routes and methods.Than we intended to provide reference for the accurate implementation of maternal health education.Methods:We chose a provincial maternal and child health care institution as the main site,supplemented by a private hospital and a township hospital as an auxiliary survey location.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the pregnant and postpartum women who had gone to the birth check and postpartum review and volunteered to receive the questionnaire in 3 hospitals during the period from November2016 to August 2017.The questionnaire included the basic situation of pregnant women,the ways and forms of information acquisition,and the maternal health information needs.A total of 1,100 pregnant and postpartum women were distributed,and 1048 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 95.3%.The collected data was double-entered and checked with Epidata3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis.We used the frequency,rate,and target group index(TGI)for statistical description.Than the univariate analysis was performed using theχ~2 test,and multivariate analysis was performed using the corresponding analysis.Results:Pregnant and postpartum women had the most demands for prenatal care(70.90%),nutrition during pregnancy(68.42%)and neonatal care(52.29%),with the least demands for maternity insurance(23.85%)and labor analgesia(28.53%);It was more difficult for pregnant and postpartum women to access the knowledge of maternal psychological health care(31.77%),labor analgesia(25.19%),common physical discomfort during pregnancy(24.90%)and maternity insurance(24.24%).Theχ~2 test showed that there was no significant difference in maternal and child health care information between pregnant and postpartum women of different ages(χ~2=18.331,P=0.787)and education(χ~2=20.139,P=0.065).However,maternal age and education of different ages had different TGI requirements for various types of information.Pregnant and postpartum women with different places of residence(χ~2=23.288,P=0.025)and maternity(χ~2=56.181,P=0.017)had statistically different needs for various types of information.Mobile phones(73.19%),medical check-up doctors(48.00%),computer networks(45.23%)and relatives and friends(30.25%)ranked in the top four access to maternal health information.For the expected health information access route,600(57.25%)pregnant women chose the doctors for the birth control,573(54.68%)chose the mobile phone,337(32.16%)chose the pregnant school.However there were very few pregnant and postpartum women who chose the bulletin board(4.29%)and the maternal and child club(6.58%).It was a statistically significant difference in the choice of maternal access to maternal and child health information for the pregnant and postpartum women of different ages(χ~2=38.098,P=0.018),education(χ~2=25.320,P=0.008),place of residence(χ~2=35.596,P<0.001),maternity(χ~2=82.356,P<0.001)and whether the first pregnancy(χ~2=44.910,P<0.001).The per capita annual income of different households(χ~2=36.309,P=0.788)had no statistically significant difference in the choice of maternal and child health information,but,the maternal choice of the per capita annual income of different families differs in the TGI of each route.Face-to-face communication was the most favorite way for maternal mothers to obtain information on maternal and child health,accounting for 45.42%.Among the access sites,59.92%of pregnant women preferred to obtain maternal and child health information in hospitals,while 51.72%of pregnant and postpartum women express their access to time was not required;59.16%of maternal women chose maternal and child health information based on reliable of the information.Pregnant and postpartum women would like to select the professional institutions or personnel when acquiring more professional knowledge such as prenatal examination,labor analgesia,childbirth common sense,postpartum health care and contraception and neonatal health information.Conclusion:Nearly all pregnant and postpartum women had demands for maternal and child health information,but the richness and comprehensiveness of the content were insufficient.Pregnant and postpartum women feel different levels of difficulty in accessing information on maternal and child health.Mental health care during pregnancy and childbirth was the most difficult to report,nearly one-third.Followed by labor analgesia,relief of common physical discomfort during pregnancy and maternity insurance.Mobile phones were the most efficient way to use at present.The evaluation and utilization of computer networks were lower than those of mobile phones.The expected utilization rate of the doctors and pregnant women schools was much higher than the actual utilization rate.The actual utilization rate of community medical staff,television or broadcasts,books and magazines,bulletin boards,brochures and maternal and child clubs were all channels with low evaluation and utilization rates.The reliability and convenience of information was the most considerated for pregnant and postpartum women when they chose how,when,where and how to get maternal and child health information.Besides,they accessed different categories of maternal and child health information preferences for different routes of transmission.Those pregnant and postpartum women would choose the professional organization or personnel when the knowledge was professional and difficult-to-understand.