The Perfection Of The Structure Of Chinese Rural Public Health

In recent years, the public health became the theory research hot spot day by day.The public health was the multi-disciplinary overlapping specialty, involved to the medicine, the economic, the sociology, the politics and other many specialties. Because the rural public health question is the basic livelihood of the people question and it is three agricultural policies basic content, as the construction well-off society, constructs harmonious social China, the rural public health enterprise the political significance day by day prominent. Actually does the government have to play any role in the countryside public health, the countryside public health structure also has these disperfect place, these all need to conduct the further research and discussion. This article obtained from the government's in rural public health government responsibility, has analyzed the present rural public health system existence question and proposed some advice to the situation.1. Rural public health structure outline elaborated the rural public health system from four aspects: First, public health general theory, it including public health definition, function and characteristic. Then explained the public health has the disease the monitor and the early warning, toarise suddenly the public health event emergency processing, the prophylaxis and the healthy health care and so on 6 functions, finally proposed the public health welfare and fairness, exterior nature and"the limited investment, infinite deliver" is its characteristic. Second, rural public health system content. The public health structure is the public management system important constituent, the public health system construction contains the system, the organization and the mechanism three levels contents. Among them, the system is the foundation, the organization is the carrier, the mechanism is a propelling force. Third, our country rural public health structure vicissitude process: The countryside primary health work establishment, the rural medical care enterprise vigorously development phase, the landslide stage and retake four stages. Fourth, perfect rural public health structrue necessity. Inincluding three aspects: The well-off society's important content,constructs harmonious social the realistic topic, the our rural public health system weak hazardous nature.2. Overseas public health system experience summary and modern first elaborated America, the Japanese, England and so on other developed country public health systems, meet are summarizing to the developed country public health system experience, pointed out the various countries has the consummation to be supposed to arise suddenly the public health event emergency system and the government in the public health system movement the load primary responsibility.Finally, points out our country countryside public health system lightenment, namely the adjustment resources disposition and fully displays the non- official organization in the countryside public health the vital role.3. Our rural public health system at present still was not perfect, from six aspects elaborated the countryside public health system at present faces difficult position. First, between all levels of governments the responsibility division is not clear about. The central formulation policy certainly not necessarily completely suit local the special details, is not impossible to achieve in the basic unit villages and towns, is separated from the countryside by far the actual situation. The policy conflict exists to the central policy and the place policy benefit conflict. Second, the rural public health interior compensates the mechanism not to be perfect. Because the financial investment is limited, the medical department compensates to ? the countryside health organization implementation difference, the maintenance organization normal operation other funds need the hygienic organization to obtain through the compensated service. The countryside health organization seeks victory the tendency, all levels of organizations coordinated instruction relations gradually evolves the competition relations. Third, the rural public health investment mechanism is imperfect. Mainly refers is invests the total quantity insufficiency and the fund mainly to use in the organization revolution. Fourth, the county village three levels of medical services preventions healthcare network relations is loose, the layout is unreasonable, function attenuation. Fifth, the sanitary supervision law enforcement mechanism is not perfect. Because the administration of public health department and the sanitary supervision law enforcement department has not established separately, namely by medical department and formulation rule, also is responsible to supervise the inspection, has violated law enforcement procedure fair in the legal principle theory of law, also exposes the sanitary supervision the system flaw. Sixth, the hardware equipment and the hygienic talented person lack.4. Perfect rural public health structure countermeasure analysis According to the third part proposed the rural public health system existence question, lists five solutions measures: First, strengthened government responsibility. Is clear about all levels of intergovernmental responsibilities to share and thee stablishment and the consummation fiscal budget system and the reasonable intergovernmental shift payment system. Second, consummates the sustainable public health investment mechanism. Limits the rural public health product the scope, directly provides by the government changes the government to purchase provides. Third,displays the countryside health network the overall function. The county level hygienic organization is the countryside prevention health care and the medical service instruction center; The township public health center by the public health service primarily, the synthesis provides service and so on prevention, health care and basic medical service; The village clinic undertakes the prevention health care duty which the administration of public health departmentent trusts with, provides primary diagnosis which often gets sick. Fourth, the perfect countryside public health arise suddenly the event emergency system. Fifth, enrichment optimization human resources system. The talented person raise is the most important task and must perfectly drive the mechanism and the restraint mechanism.