Study On Structure And Regional Distribution Of Apple Varieties In Baishui County

Baishui County is one of the important counties for good quality apple production in Weibei loess plateau in Shaanxi Province, it is meaningful to optimize regional distribution to enhance apple industry develop rapidly and healthily. This study was based on literature review, the apple varieties, production area, yield, and output value were investigated, the current varieties structure was clarified, development proposals and strategies for apple varieties structure in Baishui County were proposed. The conclusions were as follows.1. The main apple varieties in Baishui County include Red Fuji, Qinguan, Starkrimson, Gala, etc, among which Red Fuji and Qinguan occupy 93.7% of whole production area, the varieties structure is monotonous and the proportion of late-maturing varieties is larger, early- mid-maturing varieties is not enough, new good varieties is less.2. The performance of growth, fruiting and output value of current varieties were analyzed, which indicated that Red Fuji in the Northwest part and Luobei area with higher altitude has larger percentage of production area, good quality and economic value; while for Qinguan that is in the flat terrain middle part with medium altitude; for Gala that is in the southeast part with lower altitude.3. Regulation of varieties structure and regional distribution was proposed, firstly, the speed of varieties structure change should be accelerated, the percentage of early-maturing and mid-maturing varieties should increased while late-maturing ones declined. The proportion of early-maturing varieties, mid-maturing varieties, and late-maturing should be changed from 1:6:93 to10:15:75;secondly, regional distribution should be optimized, in the 3 types of ecological regions(the Northwest and Luobei, the central, and the Southeast), late-maturing Red Fuji should be developed in the Northwest and Luobei area, while mid-late-maturing varieties should be developed in the central area, early-mid-varieties, such as Qinyang, Gala should be produced in Southeast area; thirdly, new good apple varieties should be introduced, the area and scale of apple production should be enlarged, and the apple industry development should be enhanced.