Study On External Environment Of The Memorial Architecture In Harbin

Harbin is a city with a long history. Stepping into the 21st century, the economy of the city is in full development with the trend of economic globalization. The unique urban culture interacts with the urban economic development, which is so important to promote the full development of the city. It is an important strategic task for urban construction to value cultural development and improve the cultural quality. The memorial architecture with its external environment is used to show people's deeds and emotions in social politics, history and culture as a public architecture. The memorial architecture with its external environment, as cultural identity in Harbin, is very important for the development of Harbin.This paper focuses on the external environment of the memorial architecture in Harbin. In the way of integrating the theory with practice, the author has further understanding and summary in the related concepts and elements of the external environment of memorial architecture, also discussing about the natural conditions, economic technology, social life, ideology and so on, which can affect the external environment of the memorial architecture. With the research method of survey and analysis, this paper summarizes the current characteristics and causes of the external environment through the analysis of the memorial architecture in Harbin, category research of the external environment, as well as the systematic analysis in the layout of seven existing memorial architectures and elements of the external environment. Meanwhile, on this basis, this paper proposes the humanized, personalized, scenic, functional, ecological, protective and utilized principles which are suitable for the transformation design of the external environment of the memorial architecture in Harbin, combining with the environmental behavior theory, spirit of place theory, protection and utilization and other related theories.At the end of the paper, starting from the elements and layout of the memorial architecture's external environment, the author discusses about the related measures of transformation design of the memorial architecture's external environment in Harbin respectively, according to the different categories of the existing memorial architectures. Meanwhile, through the transformation design of the site of Revolutionary Martyrs Memorial Hall, Revolutionary Leaders Inspected Heilongjiang Memorial Hall, and Japanese aggressor troops unit 731 in Harbin, this paper tries to supply some reference to the transformation design of the memorial architecture's external environment in Harbin in future.