Study On Landscape Pattern In Tianhua Mountain Nature Reserve

Landscape patterns are the results of human activities and environmental interference, reflecting a certain social forms of human activity and economic development. The complexity of the landscape closely linked with social development, and the population growth, significant social changes, changes in national policy will be manifested in the landscape pattern. With the development of human civilization, agricultural development and industrialization, human living environment is becoming increasingly unfit for human survival, major natural disasters such as the Yangtze River floods, desertification were frequently happened. Serious deterioration of the environment sounded the alarm for us as well as tremendous challenges. According to analysis on the cause of these problems, it could be found that they are closely related with the changes of landscape pattern. In order to maintain sustainable development and ecological security, studying on land use, and then re-adjustment and optimization of landscape pattern are necessary.Based on the landscape ecological theory, the study used the method of landscape index to analyze 12 kinds of landscape patterns in Tianhua mountain nature reserve employing the ArcGIS and Fragstats3.3 software. Indicators to evaluate landscape patterns include mean patch area, percentage of landscape, patch density, edge density, maximum patch index, landscape shape index, aggregation index.The results showed that landscape patterns in Tianhua mountain nature reserve were rich, but the number of patch in each patterns was uneven. From the area and number of the patch, the nature reserve was dominated by Hardwood patch which has the largest area and number. However, because of its higher landscape shape index, Shannon diversity index of the landscape and disperse patch, Hardwood patch was probably greatly affected by human activity, which resulted in low spreading degree and trend of fragmentation. According to the analysis of landscape connection index and evenness index, the landscape connection and evenness degree (0.73)were high, this landscape pattern would not temporarily affect the settlement, reproduction and dispersion for many species.In nature reserve, Hardwood patch density was higher in addition to residents area, indicating a great disturbance from human activities. The maximum edge density of wide showed that the higher openness in this kind landscape, it is easy to exchange material, energy and information with surrounding patches, which will make a promotion for increase of the species diversity while will result in a negative effect on the development of the landscape and the stability of the structure and function.Through research and analysis, qualitative and quantitative description on landscape pattern distribution in was made, this provides the scientific basis and optimal measures for the rational utilization and protection on this area resource.