Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Landscape Pattern And Driving Factors In Qingyazhai Nature Reserve

Based on Landsat remote sensing images and ground digital photography in UAV,this research analyzed the dynamic change of landscape patterns in Qingyazhai National Nature Reserve and perimeter Dahuizhuang village domain from 1995 to 2016,quantitatively and qualitatively studied the drivers of landscape pattern changes in reserve from two aspects: natural and human factors.It provides a theoretical basis and guidance for reserve' scientific management and ecotourism development of functional areas.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In 1995-2016,on the reserve scale,the landscape types of forest land,farmland and construction land in reserve increased by 472.98 hm2,251.12 hm2 and 130.15 hm2 respectively via Landsat remote sensing image;the landscape types of grassland,water and unused land were reduced by 306.7 hm2,2.97 hm2 and 544.58 hm2 respectively.On the village level scale of the reserve,using UAV and field investigation,the forest land,construction land and water landscape types of Dahuizhuang Village were increased by 8.00 hm2,1.79 hm2 and 1.95 hm2 respectively;the landscape types of farmland,grassland,and unused land were reduced by 9.81 hm2,0.37 hm2 and 1.56 hm2 respectively.(2)At the landscape level,the landscape diversity of the reserve has been increased and maintained,and the unity of the overall landscape structure in the process of longterm natural succession and human activities is reduced,showing complexity,irregular shape,increasing fragmentation,and reducing the connectivity of space heterogeneity.In 1995-2006,the forest land in the reserve mainly degenerated to the grassland,and the policy of land reclamation and return farmland to forests affected the change of farmland.The grassland flowed to farmland at most,and the water area mainly turned to grassland.The development and occupation of unused land were the main sources of increase in construction land,and the main flow for forest land and farmland;In 2006-2016,the increasing of forest land is vegetation succession and program of return farmland to forests,and the reduction of farmland was still policy-oriented.The grassland succession to forest land was the main reason for the decrease.The increase in water resources was due to the transformation of grassland,the development of industrialization and urbanization caused farmers to go into cities,and the construction land was abandoned.Resource development was an important reason for the unutilized decrease.(3)From the perspective of landscape analysis,the landscape connection is decreased in Dahuizhuang village,but the internal structure is compact and the degree of fragmentation gradually decreased.After the establishment of the reserve,there are fewer human interference factors,less homogeneity,and the landscape diversity is restored.In 1995-2006,the increase of the forest land in the village was mainly the transfer of farmland.The policy still dominated the reduction of farmland.The rainfall affected the transformation of grassland into water.The main sources of the increase in construction land were deforestation,occupation of farmland and development of unused land.The transfer of landscape around the water area led to increased,ecological protection and development of resources is an important reason for the decline in unused land.In 2006-2016,farmland accounted for 82.56 % of the inflow of forest land.The decrease in farmland was mainly in idle and natural succession to forest land,and the increase in grassland was mainly the conversion of farmland in idle and water inflow.The reasons for changes in water and unused land were the same as in the last period.(4)Through the dynamic analysis of 6 landscape types,it is shown that climate,soil and topography in natural factors are not only conditions that affect the change of landscape patterns in the research area,but also Regional GDP,farmers' annual income,economic levels,policy orientation in social,such as the program of return farmland to forests and ecological engineering plays an important role.The rapid development of industrialization and urbanization are fundamental to formulate decisions with the landscape restoration and sustainable development of the reserve in the interest of the local residents.(5)Based on the research conclusions and the actual situation of the reserve,the management and protection suggestions have to be provided for the landscape resources in the functional area,and give full play to the role of each functional area.It is divided into protected areas and experimental areas in order to facilitate management.The protected areas including core areas and buffer zones and experimental areas are suitable for the development of production and business services.