| The Fanjing Mountain National Nature Reserve is the highest peak in Wuling Mountain Range.Located in North—East of Guizhou Province,27°46′50″-28°1′30″N.and 108°35′55″—108°48′30″E.,It is just the center of subtropics area of China.This area is not only a state level nation reserve,but also one of the members of MAB..It covers an area of Ca.600 km~2.The alatitude is from 500 m to 2 570.5 m above sea level.Research method:Using biodiversity research and so on individual species ecology and population ecology principles and method,In this paper,the author has studied the flora,ecological features,ecological distribution,habitat forms and species diversity of the orchids in the Fanjing Mr.The results showed:①Surveys and investigations show that it is affluent in orchids resources here.The Fanjing Mt.orchids flora is rather rich.There are 7 varieties,I subspecies and 63 species,belonging to 37 genera of Orchidaceae.Whose genera and species account for 50.00%and 28.86%of the total Guizhou orchids respectiverly.The Fanjing Mr.orchids are richer than those in its neighbouring regions,such as Jinfo Mr.of southeast Sichuan and Shennongjia region of west Hubei,but rather less than those in Emei Mr.of southwest Sichuan and Maolan of south Guizhou.②The floristic is much complex and various geographical elements obviously crisscross and permeate each other.There are 17 types or subtypes distribution patterns here in species level and characterized by the dominance of tropical elements,among with the endemic to China elements account for 30.98%,the tropical elements account for 43.67%,and the the temperate elements only 25.35%.③According to investigation data analysis this area different vegetation types,different habitat types and different life forms of speeiese diversity characteristics of Orchidaceae plants.The results indicate:We find that species composition and diversity indicies of orchids are different in each of different vegetation types,different habitat types and different life forms,The Mt.Fanjing 10 kinds of different vegetation types Orchidaceae plants community multiple indices are:The number of species,Shannon-Wiener's diversity index(H′) in Liquidambar formosana, Turpinia montana,Machilus chienkweiensis forest are the highest,while tho diversity index in Rhododenron davidii,Enldanthus serrulatus,Sinarundinaria nitida forest is the lowest.The Simpson diversity index in Rhododenron davidii,Enkianthus serrulatus,Sinarundinaria nitida forest are the highest,while the diversity index in Liquidambar formosana,Turpinia montana,Machilus chienkweiensis forest is the lowest.The life forms of the orchids in the Mr. Fanjing are diversity.There are terrestrials,epiphyfies,saprophytic and also'halfterrrestrical or half epiphytic.The Mr.Fanjing 4 kind of different habitat types Orchidaceae plants diversity index are:The number of species,Shannon-Wiener's diversity index(H′) in forest are the highest,while the diversity index in forest margin is the lowest.The Simpson diversity index in forest margin are the highest,while the diversity index in forest is the lowest.The Fanjing Mr.3 kind of different vegetative form Orchidaceae plants multiple targets are.The number of species, Shannon-Wiener's(H′) diversity index in terrestrial are the highest,while the diversity index in saprophytic is the lowest.The Simpson diversity index in saprophytic are the highest,while the diversity index in terrestrial is the lowest.④The distribution situation of the orchids has very close relation with vegetation type, soil,elevation above sealevel,humidity and temperature.The different orchids distributs in different forest types.A number of species of orchids decreas with altitudes and increase in different forest types.Different orchids can be divided into lower,middle and subalpine mountain types.⑤In this paper the last,the author has also compile the life forms,flowering period,habitat, alt.and distribution of each species are briefly described."A list of orchids of the Fangjing Mountain".
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