Features Of Avian Community Structure And Relationships With Environmental Factors In Baiyinkulun Nature Reserve

A survey of avian community structure was conducted in Baiyinkulun nature reserve of Inner Mongolia from Mar.to Dec.2006.A total of 77 bird species belonging to 23 families and 10 orders were recorded.We selected six belt transects from six different sorts of habitat,the composition of avian community,community structure,similarity of communities and their relationships with environmental factors are analyzed.All types of habitat are as follows:①lake water area,②Carex spp.Wet meadow,③Achnatherura splendens salt wet bush land,④Salix pentandra woods swamp,⑤Stipa krylovii type steppe,⑥desert and Ulmus pumila scattered woods.The results showed that the stenotopic bird species played crucial roles in all avian community of each season in Baiyinkulun and that they at least accounted for 60%of all birds in each season.According to the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices of each season,the indices of birds in spring:①＞④＞⑥＞②＞⑤＞③,in summer:①＞④＞③＞⑥＞②＞⑤,in autumn:④＞③＞①＞②＞⑥＞⑤,there are only a few bird species in winter.The bird diversity indices positively correlated with Pielou evenness indices and abundance indices extremely remarkably,but negatively correlated with dominance indices extremely remarkably.The bird community structure of Baiyinkulun nature reserve is quite stable. The similarity analysis of Jaccard qualitative indices indicates that the maximum in spring is between③and⑤,the maximum in summer is between④and①, the maximum in autumn is between③and②,the maximum in winter is among②,③and⑤.The similarity analysis of Sorenson quantitative indices indicates that the maximum in spring is between③and⑤,the maximum in summer is between④and②,the maximum in autumn is between③and②,the maximum in winter is between③and⑤.The relationships between avian community and environmental factors of habitats showed:the number of bird species and density positively correlated with density of plant and habitat heterogeneity remarkably,but negatively correlated with intensity of human remarkably.Bird diversity indices positively correlated with habitat heterogeneity remarkably.At last,the actuality of bird conservation and some main problems in Baiyinkulun is analyzed,some measurements of bird conservation are proposeded to the nature reserve.