Cytology And Physiological-biochemical Characteristics Of Somatic Embryogenesis In Xinjiang Ecotype Arabidopsis

Arabidopsis thaliana L. is a species in Arabidopsis Cruciferae spreaded all over the world. It has its own biological characters, such as small and simple, short life cycle, more seeds, short genome, so it has been the model species in Phytogenetics, Biology of Development and Molecular Biology. This paper mainly studied the process of somatic embryogenesis and development and inducing conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana and starch's accumulation trend in embryogenic cell. The paper also studied the POD isozyme and EST isozyme patterns in the process of somatic embryogenesis. Through studying on the apparent hereditary feature, we try to investigate basic characteristics and physiological performance of somatic embryogenesis of Xinjiang ecotype Arabidopsis thaliana. The thesis offers information for comprehensive evaluation on Xinjiang ecotype Arabidopsis thaliana. The main work and results as follows:1. Somatic embryos of Xinjiang ecotype Arabidopsis were induced from young tender leaf and leafstalk of seedling on MS induced medium which is the best medium. It is defeated to induce callus on MS medium added only NAA or 6-BA. However it is easily induced on high concentration of 6-BA medium. The culture medium is MS + 6-BA(0.1 mg/L) + NAA(1.0 mg/L) +2,4-D(1.0 mg/L),and the differentiation medium is MS + KT(1.0 mg/L) + 2,4-D(0.2 mg/L).2. The somatic embryogenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana includes five stages as most dicotyledons, which go through single cell, multicellullar embryo, globular embryo, heart-shaped embryo and cotyledonous embryo.3. There were two peaks of starch accumulation during the whole development of somatic embryogenesis of Aribidopsis, which appear at the becoming of embryonic cell at first and at the becoming of globular embryo secondly and which might be related with somatic embryo's development.4. The peak of DNA composition is ahead of protein's. The content of DNA and protein are different from nonembryonic callus and embryonic callus.5. Changes and isoenzyme patterns of peroxidase are related with the somatic embryogenesis. So then could be used as sensitive callus marker for Xinjiang ecotype Arabidopsis.6. Though obvious changes of isoenzyme patterns of easterase were not found, the activity ratio of isoeasterase changed greatly. Isoenzyme of eastrase is related with somatic embryogenesis.