| China's mineral resources shortage has become a major bottleneck constraining economic sustainable development. It is an effective technical means to apply remote sensing technology to study geological background, to do geological survey, to prospect and evaluate mineral resources. Currently, remote sensing techniques have been developed to master 5S (RS for Remote Sensing, GIS for Geographical Information System, GPS for Global Positioning System, ES for Expert System, DPS for Digital Photogram metric System).In this paper, the various typical deposits forming regularities have been studied in East Tianshan mountains Gobi desert, on the basis of that, we use remote sensing information processing technology to extract remote sensing anomaly information of various type deposits, then to test and verify optimized targets, and have achieved good results for deposit exploration. Therefore, the techniques have important theoretical and practical significance. The paper study focused spectrum characters and absorption characters of ASTER homologous bands, on basis of that, we respectively extract remote sensing anomaly information of various type deposits from ASTER and ETM+, which enrich remote sensing anomaly information extraction methods, broaden applications of remote sensing in mineral resources prospecting and evaluation.I have participated in national research project named"Optimization of prospecting targets in Tianshan mountains copper ore belt"guided mentor, and twice conduct field geological work in Sinkiang in 2004 and 2005. I have collected samples which come from the mafic and ultramafic Cu-Ni deposits of eastern huangshan mountains, white rock font, luodong, tenth slope, first slope, tianyu, tianxiang, tulaergen, calabash, northern radish, duck font, a string of beads, horse hoof, hongshigang, the skarn Pb-Zn deposits of shaquanzi, lead camp stove, baiyuan, the altered type Au deposits of tianmu, laojindong, the molybdenum deposit of white mountains, and have photographed field photographs. I measured 2000 spectrums use PIMA, analysed and studied spectrum characters of various typical deposits, and extract remote sensing anomaly information of 3600 km2 ASTER and 31000 km2 ETM+, and identified 25 photic slicesin microscope. Following conclusions have been gained:1. Different types of mineral deposits have different altered minerals compounding, which of the skarn Pb-Zn deposit in shaquanzi areas are calcite, antigorite, chlorite, illlite, dolomite, hornblende, which of the mafic and ultramafic Cu-Ni deposit in huangshandong areas are chlorite, illite, calcite, tremolite, antigorite, epidote, hornblende, which of the altered type Au deposit in tianmu areas are montmorillonite, antigorite, halloysite, biotite, tremolite, nontronite. 2. Different rocks of the mineral deposits have different spectrum absorption valleys, which are ASTER 8th, 5th bands in the skarn Pb-Zn deposit in shaquanzi areas, which are ASTER 8th band in the mafic and ultramafic Cu-Ni deposit in huangshandong areas, which are ASTER 6th, 9th bands in the altered type Au deposit in tianmu areas.3. Different rocks in the same deposit have different spectrum characters, take example for lithology of the skarn Pb-Zn deposit in shaquanzi areas, the skarn rock in ASTER 8th, 9th bands have diagnostic significance absorption, the porphyrites rock in Aster 5th, 8th bands have diagnostic significance absorption.4. Use ASTER data as a demonstration zone, to extract remote sensing anomaly information of the mafic and ultramafic Cu-Ni deposits, the skarn Pb-Zn deposits and the altered type Au deposits using principal component analysis, spectral angle mapper, maximum likelihood supervised and ratio method and so on. And to actualize extraction of remote sensing anomaly information of the mafic and ultramafic Cu-Ni deposits, the skarn Pb-Zn deposits and the altered type Au deposits in ETM+ data. Then to pile remote sensing mine information and other geological information, optimize targets for finding deposits. The known mineral deposits positions and remote sensing anomaly information very fit together on maps.5. The field geology identifies that anomaly information of remote sensing and the mineral deposits concrete position and altered minerals cingulum fit together. In ranges of abstraction of anomaly remote sensing information, the mafic and ultramafic Cu-Ni deposits of eastern huangshan mountain, huangshan mountain, xiangshan mountain, southern huangshan mountain, tudun, erhongwa, baishiquan; the skarn Pb-Zn deposits of shaquanzi, baoyuan and some Pb-Zn mineralized points; the altered type Au deposits of tianmu, xiaohongshan mountain, jinguijing, longxi, eastern kumutageshalong, mingshujing, cuilingcaishishan mountain and some Au mineralized points and the typical mineral anomaly remote sensing informations fit together very well. In 2004, we who are led by yangjianmin researcher found luodong Cu-Ni deposit. In 2005, some people with moxinhua engineer from Sinkiang geological mine bureau 6th geological troop found tianxiang Cu-Ni deposit according to the target given by anomaly remote sensing information and Cu-Ni geochemistry information. In 2005, chengsonglin chief engineer said that they found one Pb-Zn mineralized point and two alteration minerals cingulums about Pb-Zn mineralized in eastern weiya rock mass according to the target given by anomaly remote sensing information.
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