Research On Urban Biotope Mapping And Protection Plan Based On GIS And RS

With the enhancement of ecological awareness, there are increasingly interests and efforts to protect urban ecology. The objective of this thesis includes understanding urban ecological environment, finding its existing problem, giving some effective advices on protecting urban ecological environment, improving the quality of urban environment, constructing a "Green City" or "Ecological City". Urban biotope mapping (UBM) is the fundamental work to this research issue. The primary work is to learn and acquire the first-hand data of urban ecological environment, however, which relates to plotting urban biotope and registering its spatial data and thematic data. Therefore, UBM can be considered as an effective approach to acquiring and managing the urban first-hand ecological data. Moreover, resorting to GIS and RS related techniques facilitates its function on spatial data management, analysis and visualization. GIS has the strong capability of processing mega-data, and RS can acquire the ground image information quickly, and interpreting the RS image helps to derive the information of urban biotope.This thesis includes five chapters:The first chapter is to introduce the state of the art of UBM, research motivation, and some related techniques.The second chapter is the basis of construction and classification of urban biotope. First several construction features of urban biotope are demonstrated, including land-use, building, vegetation, road and water. Secondly, the classification criteria of urban biotope are introduced: land-use manner, the history, building and greenbelt pattern.The third chapter concerns the classification and mapping of biotope in research region based on RS and GIS related techniques. First of all, the research region is the urban-rural ecotone near Shaanxi Normal University, in the south outskirt of Xi'an City, and the optical interpretation of RS image and field survey are carried in the research region. The interpretation symbols of the research region are constructed, and big volume data on spatial entities including vegetation, building and road pave, etc. are acquired in the field survey. Subsequently, according to the determined classification criteria of urban biotope, to construct the classification system of urbanbiotope, and describe each kind of spatial entities in generic. On the basis of classification, on the top of GIS platform, the acquired data of urban biotope is stored, managed and processed, and the classification maps of urban biotope are plotted. Finally, the construction of urban biotope to some degree is analyzed according to these maps.The fourth chapter is the evaluation of urban biotope protection. Firstly, the vegetation ratio, the construction density, the vegetation type, the bosom diameter of the one-meter-high arbor and the small-scale patterns relevant to nature conservation are selected and regarded as the evaluation factors. Secondly, to determine some evaluation criteria, evaluate the ecological protection for each type of urban biotope, classify the protection grades of these different single features, plot the grade map of each evaluation feature.The fifth chapter is the design and plan of urban biotope's chain. With consideration of both the patch-corridor theory and meta-population theory in the landscape-ecology, to build the urban biotope's chain is suggested in order to protect the urban ecology. On the basis of the grade map of single feature determined in the fourth chapter, through overlay analysis, the comprehensive evaluation grades of bio-protection are classified. According to these grades, with the urban biotope of higher protection evaluation grades as research center, the plan of the urban biotope's chain is plotted.This thesis relates to four research innovations as follows:First, nowadays the research on urban biotope is limited in China, with exception of some works in the east of Shanghai city, but still not sufficient. Northwestern China is the main region of ecology construction, and Xi'an city is regarded as one important metropolis in northwestern area, and its construction of urban ecology is very important. This thesis addresses the research issue on urban biotope with Xi'an city as an illustration.Secondly, to explore application of GIS and RS related technologies in the area of the urban ecology.Thirdly, the concept "ecology" is introduced to classify urban landscape, and the classification system of urban biotope is built, and based on that to plot thematic map for each type of urban biotope.Finally, in the process of the optical interpretation of RS image, the interpretation...