Nonlinear Viewpoints On Development Of Science

The model of development of science is always to be the important problem of philosophy of science and technology(S&T). It is time when the relation of S&T and society becomes the subject that philosopher of S&T is interested increasingly, and the content in research to this problem is contained will even more. It is including not only the logical development of science itself, but also the relation between science and its surroundings. In this text, on the basis of research achievements of nonlinearity, the basic view is that the science system is a nonlinear system, because the source of its development, form and characteristics are nonlinear. The former views of development is either linear and accumulative, or only stress on the development inside the science and ignore the relations of science and society, or only descript qualitatively without the proof of history of science. Though someone have also did numerical analysis to history of science somewhat, even to the extent reviewed the phenomenon in the development of science, there still haven't monograph which put forward the nonlinearity viewpoints of development of science at present. Having pay attention to this shortcoming, the viewpoints are put forward in this text. I hope it can provide the new thoughts at this aspect by way of my research, and modified and revised by the other people.Nonlinear viewpoints on development of science is depended on that the science is the partial system of society system, and it not only has the nonlinear interaction which is the source and motive force of development, but also has strange attractor which lead to order in the disorder , that is science problem and science theory , Matthew Effect and Priority. The development of science also possesses sensitive dependence to the primary condition. It will flux and reflux suffered from the influence of various random factors inside and outside of system. It represents the gradual changes in conventional period, namely the numerical accumulation, and the science revolution, namely the qualitative changes. These are the elementary viewpoints about nonlinear viewpoints on development of science. In big science times, this kind of nonlinearity characteristic shows prominently: The totalite, fluctuant and accelerative of science development.In order to make the grounds of argument are more reasonably, I used the method of analogy to compare the characteristics of science system with those of the generally nonlinear system. Also I used the logical and historical method, which makes argue more reasonable. At the same time, I united the seemingly contradictory points into nonlinear development. In fact, we can't say those points are right or wrong. They are points about science development from different aspect. The nonlinear viewpoints of development of science is comparatively full-scale, and overcome one-sideness. It is not only reduced to the nature of science history, but also provides effective reference for making correct policy from now on.