| Rural logistics is an important guarantee for the upward of agricultural products and the downward of industrial products.It is of great significance for promoting rural consumption and promoting rural revitalization comprehensively.However,rural logistics has the attribute of quasi-public goods,which belongs to the field where the market cannot fully play its role.The development of rural logistics is generally lagging,the service cost is high,the operation efficiency is low,and its development is limited.In particular,the terminal distribution of rural logistics is so weak,which has became a bottleneck in the development of rural logistics.Problems such as incomplete terminal distribution network,weak market players,high distribution cost,insufficient service capacity and poor sustainability are extremely prominent,and need to be solved and made breakthroughs.The formation of a rural logistics terminal distribution cooperation alliance can effectively integrate the logistics resources,aggregate decentralized demand,expand the scale advantage,improve the distribution efficiency and promote the overall service level,which can solve the problems of low intensity,high operating cost and difficult profit of the outlets in the terminal distribution of rural logistics.It is also an essential requirement of the integrated development of rural passenger,cargo and mail.In view of this,combined with the realistic predicament in the end distribution of rural logistics,a theoretical framework for the multi-agent alliance cooperation is constructed,the evolution mechanism and coopetition behavior of different subjects are analyzed,the collaborative optimization model of the alliance distribution network is designed,and the key issues of income allocation in alliance cooperation are improved and optimized based on the perspective of alliance cooperation.So as to provide some theoretical guidance and reference for the cooperative practice of rural logistics terminal distribution alliance.The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows.First of all,we define the terminal distribution of rural logistics as a near-end distribution process starting from the county,and clarify the connotation of the terminal distribution alliance and the multi-agent category of rural logistics alliance with the perspective of multi-agent cooperation.Different from the traditional meaning of the last miles,this paper extends the understanding of the end to the near-end,and defines the terminal distribution of rural logistics as the distribution process starting from the county.On this basis,the concept connotation and participants of the rural logistics terminal distribution alliance are clarified.The terminal distribution alliance is a new type of organization with complementary advantages,revenue sharing and risk sharing formed by the rural logistics service agents in the county based on the concept of resource integration and cooperation in the form of contract or equity.The participants include four categories: express logistics enterprises,passenger service enterprises,some commercial enterprises with logistics service businesses and the China Post Group.In addition,it also includes the local government,which plays an important role in supporting and guaranteeing the rural logistics market.Secondly,aiming at the problems of why to form the cooperation of rural logistics terminal distribution alliance,the "cause-condition" theoretical framework of the terminal distribution cooperation alliance is constructed,and the formation mechanism is explained from the aspects of formation motivation,rationality condition and self-organization coordination.The results show that the formation of a rural logistics terminal cooperation distribution alliance can realize function multiplication and value synergy,which is reflected in the value pursuit of resource integration,transaction cost reduction and scale economy.The stability of a cooperative alliance is affected by many factors,such as opportunistic behavior,information asymmetry and bounded rationality,and the income distribution is very important,which must meet the conditions of individual rationality,group rationality and alliance rationality.Then,aiming at the evolution mechanism of the rural logistics terminal distribution alliance,the co-opetition mechanism and co-opetition behavior are studied.Considering the long-term nature of alliance cooperation,this paper analyzes the various factors that affect the stability of terminal distribution alliance from the two dimensions of self-organization and government participation,and analyzes its specific impact mechanism.The results show that excess returns,fines,operating costs,resource complementarity,relational capital,and initial willingness are important factors affecting the stability of the terminal distribution alliance.The cost and revenue-sharing mechanism is the key to the stable operation of the alliance.Relationship capital is an important resource,and the complementary resources affect the evolution process of participants through excess returns.There are some market failures in the rural logistics terminal distribution market.The government plays an important role in the terminal distribution alliance,and its subsidy behavior will overall consideration of government benefits,credit losses and subsidies,and actively subsidize within the subsidy threshold.The terminal distribution service capability,collaborative effort level and risk-taking level are three important factors that affect the cooperation of the terminal distribution alliance.The alliance is affected by the behavioral characteristics of leader members and other members.Finally,aiming at the problem of how to collaborate with the distribution network and how to allocate the benefits of terminal distribution alliance reasonably,the collaborative optimization model of the alliance distribution network is conducted,and the optimization methods of the income allocation are studied.Considering the main business of terminal distribution alliance,the optimization model of the cooperation network is constructed based on resource sharing and collaborative distribution.The cost savings are used as the income of the terminal distribution alliance by using the example data,which eliminates the disadvantages of the simple use of numerical examples.Based on consideration of the characteristics of terminal distribution service ability,collaborative effort level and risk-taking level of alliance members,the minimum cost residual saving income allocation method is comprehensively improved,and the accession sequence is also considered.The conclusion shows that compared with other income allocation methods,the income allocation model considering comprehensive influencing factors can effectively solve the problem of fairness and efficiency,and its allocation scheme has better alliance stability.Based on the influence of the alliance membership sequence on income allocation,the SMP optimal alliance cooperation sequence of rural logistics terminal distribution alliance is designed,which guarantees the degree of integration of new members into the alliance. |
