Research On Science-technology Innovation Transition And Spatial Response Of Guangzhou Development District

This research originates from the thinking of the research trends and the reality of the Development Districts.Since the industrial revolution,innovation has increasingly become a key factor to promote national and urban economic growth.The concept of innovation was first proposed by the economist Schumpeter J in 1911.Therefore,innovation has become the focus of economic research.Since the 1990 s,innovation has been brought into the research field of geography,forming the research of innovation geography.In recent years,innovation has been paid more and more attention by scholars of urban planning and is becoming a research hotspot in the field of urban planning.The Development District is a good object for intervening in the relevant research.Since the reform and opening-up,the government has established the Development Districts as "special industrial policy districts" in China.At the beginning,the Development Districts was mainly a platform for introducing foreign capital and technology,and then was given the mission and function of promoting science-technology innovation.The former is the macro environment of the latter,and the latter is the typical carriern of the former.At present,a number of leading Development Districts have transformed from the industrial parks to the highlands of regional science-technology innovation.So,the following question is raised: how do the Development Districts realize the transition of science-technology innovation?Exploring this problem has two meanings.1)Reveal the mechanism and mode of sciencetechnology innovation of the Development Districts;2)Taking the Development District as a case,explore the local science-technology innovation mode relying on the market formed in China since the reform and opening-up.Taking this problem as the starting point,this paper reviews the research of innovation geography and the research of the Development Districts,and finds the following enlightenment: 1)There is a cross gap between them;2)There is no ready-made theoretical framework that can be directly used;3)However,the existing research can provide effective support for the research on science-technology innovation transition of the Development Districts.Therefore,this research determines the following research principles: 1)Summarize and refine based on case demonstration;2)Adequately absorb existing research results.Then,this research selects Guangzhou Development District as the case,and deepens the research problem into three aspects.1)Has the Guangzhou Development District realized the transition of science-technology innovation? 2)How did it realize the transition of sciencetechnology innovation? 3)How does the space support the transition of science-technology innovation? Further,this research constructs the analysis framework.And then,define the research approach as follows.Firstly,analyze the effectiveness of science-technology innovation of Guangzhou Development District.Secondly,analyze the path of sciencetechnology innovation transition and its spatial response characteristics.Finally,summarize the path,reveal the mechanism and refine the model.Firstly,this research analyzes the effectiveness of science-technology innovation of Guangzhou Development District to evaluate whether it has realized the transition of science-technology innovation.Based on the characteristics of management system which is that Guangzhou Development District is integrated with the administrative district,this research constructs the measurement method.The results of measurement show: 1)Guangzhou Development District ranks second among the national Development District in the Pearl River Delta,and it is only lower than Shenzhen High-tech Industrial Development District,but far better than the others.2)Guangzhou Development District ranks second among the eleven administrative districts of Guangzhou,and has gradually caught up with Tianhe District that has always been the leader in Guangzhou.3)Since the development of Guangzhou Science City in Guangzhou Development District,its pole core of science-technology innovation has become more and more significant,and has become another pole that is comparable to Tianhe center.Overall,Guangzhou Development District has been transformed into the highland of regional sciencetechnology innovation.Secondly,this research traces back and analyzes the path forming the industrial highland in Guangzhou Development District.Then,this research analyzes the path of its science-technology innovation transition and its spatial response.Finally,summarize the path,analyze the mechanism and refine the model.1)The core way of science-technology innovation transition of Guangzhou Development District is the formation of Marshallian industrial district that has been cultivated under the incubation and re-incubation of science-technology SMEs.Since the “second entrepreneurship”,Guangzhou Development District successfully explored the path of science-technology innovation that is incubation and re-incubation of science-technology SMEs.Under the above path,a number of new industries have been cultivated,such as biomedicine.These new industries are dominated by science-technology SMEs and form various local rooted chains.This is in line with the basic characteristics of Marshallian industrial district.Meanwhile,it also embeds in the multi-scale network from global to local.2)With the above core way as the direct path,the science-technology innovation transition of Guangzhou Development District presents the evolution that is from “first entrepreneurship”to “second entrepreneurship” and then to “third entrepreneurship”.Guangzhou Development District started with an exogenous industrial park.Since the “second entrepreneurship”,it initiated the transition of science-technology innovation and formed the direct path that is the incubation and re-incubation of science-technology SMEs.And its space began to transform from industrial park to science-technology park.Then,since the “third entrepreneurship”,Guangzhou Development District initiated the composite path of science-technology innovation transition that is the integrated development of science-technology innovation and city service.And its space is transforming into an innovation district.3)In the above process of the evolution,Guangzhou Development District promotes science-technology innovation through “relay of financial investment” and “mutual promotion of industry,city and innovation” to realize a virtuous circle.1)The logic of“relay of financial investment” is "capital circulation".The foreign capital agglomeration in the “first entrepreneurship” brings industrial finance which provides initial capital for the “second entrepreneurship” to start the transition of science-technology innovation.And since the “third entrepreneurship”,the real estate development brings land finance.The financial investment supports science-technology innovation which incubate new industry and brings new industrial finance.2)The logic of “mutual promotion of industry,city and innovation” is people-centered.The foreign capital agglomeration brings the industrial population.The industrial population supports the development of city service.The development of city service supports the agglomeration of talents.The agglomeration of talents promotes the science-technology innovation.The science-technology innovation brings the new industries.Its internal logic is the interactive coupling of "industry,people and city" and " science-technology innovation,talents and city service".4)The above has revealed the path and spatial response of science-technology innovation transition.But,how Guangzhou Development District transformed into the highland of regional science-technology innovation has not been fully explained.The key is that the mechanism behind the core way that the Marshallian industrial district has been cultivated under the path of incubation and re-incubation of science-technology SMEs has not been fully explained.Therefore,this paper makes a further analysis to find its core mechanism.The government creates the environment of innovation and entrepreneurship,and the central city(Guangzhou)brings the source of innovation and entrepreneurship.As a result,the activities of the innovation and entrepreneurship can gather in Guangzhou Development District.With the agglomeration of the activities of innovation and entrepreneurship,it evolves into the local ecology of innovation and entrepreneurship.Then in turn,the local ecology continuously promotes the innovation and entrepreneurship.5)On the basis of revealing the above core mechanism,and with the comparison between China and the West at the two levels,summarize the science-technology innovation mode of Guangzhou Development District,which is "government set up platform and market promote innovation".The government has designated policy industrial zones.In these zones,the government actively supports science-technology innovation.It is more important that the market mechanism plays a key role.The enterprises are the main innovation actors.The innovation and entrepreneurship are the core path.The innovative activities are market-oriented.The driving force of innovation is enterprises’ pursuit of competitiveness and income.The institutional foundation is the market economy with Chinese characteristics.Finally,this paper draws the following main conclusions and innovative points.1)Guangzhou Development District has made the remarkable achievements in the transition of science-technology innovation.The core way of science-technology innovation transition is the formation of Marshallian industrial district that has been cultivated under the incubation and re-incubation of science-technology SMEs.2)The science-technology innovation transition of Guangzhou Development District experiences the evolution that is from “first entrepreneurship” to “second entrepreneurship”and then to “third entrepreneurship”.And in the above process,Guangzhou Development District promotes science-technology innovation through “relay of financial investment” and“mutual promotion of industry,city and innovation” to realize a virtuous circle.3)Since the “second entrepreneurship”,Guangzhou Development District starts to transform from industrial park to science-technology park,and then transform to innovation district through the “third entrepreneurship”.In the above process,the promotion of the location,space environment and service facilities have effectively supported the transition.4)The core mechanism of science-technology innovation transition of Guangzhou Development District is as follows.The government creates the environment of innovation and entrepreneurship,and the central city(Guangzhou)brings the source of innovation and entrepreneurship.As a result,the activities of innovation and entrepreneurship can gather in Guangzhou Development District.With the agglomeration of innovation and entrepreneurship activities,it gradually evolves into the local ecology of innovation and entrepreneurship.5)This paper summarizes the science-technology innovation mode of Guangzhou Development District,which is "government set up platform and market promote innovation".The government has designated policy industrial zones.In these zones,the government actively supports science-technology innovation.It is more important that the market mechanism plays a key role.The innovative activities are market-oriented.The driving force of innovation is enterprises’ pursuit of competitiveness and income.The institutional foundation is the market economy with Chinese characteristics.There are three innovative points of this research.1)This research reveals the core way of science-technology innovation of Guangzhou Development District.It is the formation of Marshallian industrial district has been cultivated under the incubation and re-incubation of science-technology SMEs.2)This research reveals the core mechanism of science-technology innovation of Guangzhou Development District.Through the comparison between China and the West at the two levels,this research summarizes and refines its science-technology innovation mode that is "government set up platform and market promote innovation".3)Based on the demonstration of Guangzhou Development District,this research reveals the evolution of the Development District that is from “first entrepreneurship” to “second entrepreneurship” and then to “third entrepreneurship”.And this research reveals the mechanism that the Development District promotes science-technology innovation through“relay of financial investment” and “mutual promotion of industry,city and innovation” to realize a virtuous circle.