Research On Shelling Principle And Main Components Of Vertical Peanut Sheller With Cone Roller

Peanut is an important oil-bearing crop and cash crop not only in China,but also in the world.China is the largest country of peanut production and the mechanization levels of Chinese peanut harvesting and processing are relatively low.Peanut shelling is an important step of the peanut processing,currently,the domestic peanut shelling has basically been mechanized,but there are still some shortages such as the low removal rate and serious damage rate,which are not suitable for breeding and had seriously affected the exporting.In this paper,referring to follow-up study of the project under National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC),"Peanut hulling and mechanical damage mechanism and low loss sheller technology research"(50775151)and the investigation on the current status of the domestic and overseas peanuts shelling technology,I puts forward the principle of laminar shelling and the overall scheme of the vertical cone layer flow of the peanut sheller,and carry out the structural design of the main shelling parts.The shelling process was simulated by discrete element theory and simulation software.The stress and movement of the pods during the shelling process were analyzed.The reasonable component parameters were designed,and the prototype test was carried out and optimized.The research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)The principle of laminar flow peanut shelling is proposed,and the scheme of vertical cone drums of the peanut sheller for plot is studied.On the basis of studying the peanut shelling technology in domestic and overseas,according to the special requirements of pods peanuts shelling,the horizontal shelling and vertical shelling methods are compared.By the research and analysis of peanut shelling principle,the principle of thin-layer flow shelling is proposed,and the shelling scheme of the vertical cone drum is determined.(2)Peanut shelling characteristics test.The size distribution of different peanut varieties was obtained mainly by measuring the size of peanut pods and nuts after drying;the relationship between elastic modulus and water content,the relationship between elastic modulus and the placement methods were obtained by measuring the elastic modulus of peanut pods and nuts;the effects on static and dynamic friction coefficients of peanut varieties and contact materials are obtained through the determination of the friction coefficient of peanut pods,which provides a basis for determining the structural parameters of the sheller(3)Mechanical analysis of peanut pods in the shelling interval.According to the mechanical analysis of the position of peanut pods in the shelling area,taking the peanut pods automatically falling as the limit condition,and the parameter range of the key shelling parts is derived.The available rotation speed n is 300?400r/min;the drum cone angle ? is 30°?60°;the larger the inclination angle ? of the rib,the greater the shearing force of the pod,the smaller the screw pushing effect on the pod.(4)Simulation analysis of peanut pods in the state of the shelling interval.The whole machine model was established by the 3D modeling software UG.The simulation of the peanut pods was carried out by the drum rotation method using the discrete element method and EDEM software.The contact force of the granular materials at different drum cone angles and different rib inclination angles was explored.The situation provides a basis for the state study and tool design of the granular material in the shelling process.(5)The principle of cross-flow air suction separating was proposed,and the three-channel air suction separating scheme of the vertical peanut sheller was established.The aerodynamic factor of the material was proposed based on the material floating characteristic test.Its relationship with the floating speed of the material was explored,and the aerodynamic factor of the “four red” variety of peanuts was obtained.According to the automatic sliding condition of the materials after peanut shelling,three guide plates in the collection bin were designed,and the inclination angle of the guide plates was determined to be 50°.Based on the material aerodynamic factor,the mechanics and kinematics equations of the cross-flow air suction process of the materials after peanut shelling were established,and the movement trajectories and laws of the material components at the suction outlet of the separation bin in the horizontal airflow were analyzed,and the cross-flow suction criticality was established.The structural design of the air suction cleaning system was carried out.(6)The complete machine development and performance test of the vertical cone drum peanut sheller.Preliminary prototype tests and observations show that the cone rollers and screen can accelerate the speed of shells and kernels passing through the concave-plate sieve,reduce kernel damage and improve the efficiency of shelling.The response surface test analysis method was used to test and optimize,The best parameter combination of cone drum half cone angle,drum speed and shelling clearance was obtained and verified.The results show that when the rotating speed of the shelling drum is 320r·min-1,the half-cone angle of the cone-concave plate is 30°,and the rib rise angle is 45°,the comprehensive index of shelling is the best,the removal rate is 98.84%,breakage rate is 2.27%.The cross-flow three-channel air suction cleaning device can well cooperate with the shelling device to realize the separation of shell and kernel.When the height of the suction port is 80 mm,the optimal cleaning index can be obtained,the cleaning loss rate is 2.01%,and the impurity rate is 0.98 %,were better than the industry standard.