A Historical Study On The Spatial Pattern Of Yuan Dadu Based On The Length Of Official Ruler Of The Yuang Dynasty

The Yuan Dadu is an important research object in the planning and construction of ancient Chinese capitals.Its typical Mongolian nomadic culture combining with traditional Chinese planning methods,the Yuan Dadu created a unique spatial pattern.Its planning and construction,once laid the foundations of the urban spatial structure of Beijing,greatly affecting later capital cities of Ming Dynasty.Based on the spatial pattern of roads in Beijing and with the employment of the research results of Yuanchi length in the field of metrological history and the division mode of ancient land area,the dissertation reappears the spatial layout of the Dadu through scale conversion and historical interpretation,which includes: the planning spatial layout of 15 li from East to West,16 li from South to North,the Bell Tower,the Drum Tower and the Palace City at the intersection of Yuan Dadu central axis and east-west street;the construction spatial layout of 14 li from East to West,16 li from South to North and the misalignment of the east-west central line of the city and the central axis of the palace.On this basis,the paper further analyzes the construction and development of the spatial pattern of the Dadu under the influence of the existing rivers and lakes: the Jinshui River,the Tonghui River,and the layout of the Fang in the early and late period of Yuan Dadu.The paper discusses the corresponding relationship between the spatial pattern of Dadu and astrology,taking “Jiayuan” and“Hongmen” as the analysis objects to reappear the spatial layout of the Imperial City.Using the series of maps of spatial layout as clues,this paper shows the development and construction process of the spatial pattern of the Dadu,and finally derives its spatial layout after the Central Pavilion was built.In the discussion of the above material space form,the Mongolian nomadic culture and the Central Plains culture in the planning and construction concept of Yuan Dadu are rediscovered,as well as the role of different natural and architectural elements in the spatial pattern of the Dadu.In addition to the above new understanding on the spatial pattern of the Dadu,what could be aware of is that there are richer cultures than the Kao Gong Ji contained in the spatial pattern of the Dadu.The dissertation includes about 120,000 words,83 pictures and 7tables.