Study On Recreational Benefit Evaluation In Urban Park Under The Evidence-Based Design Methodology

In the practice of urban and rural construction,we need dialectical understanding to the ideological connotation of "consisting on the harmonious coexistence of man and nature" in China’s ecological civilization construction strategy.We must also pay attention to the comprehensive quality of ecology,production and life,and do not engage in one-sided and superficial ecological green construction.China’s urban construction is moving from extensive to refined.In order to avoid the practice of “paying attention to the appearance and ignoring the quality” in the construction of a large number of cities in the past,the corresponding performance evaluation and assessment have received more and more attention from managers.In this context,the landscape garden industry is also faced with doubts that project managers and customers believe that the effectiveness of their design schemes is not supported by scientific evidence.Therefore,strengthening the combination of scientific research and design practice,and moving toward evidence-based science are the development requirements to enhance the scientific nature of landscape architecture.However,the lack of evidence is the difficulty of the current evidence-based design of landscape architecture.Nevertheless,the post-construction evaluation or performance evaluation,which is an effective research approach,can provide reliable evidence for future design practice and has received extensive attention.The current landscape performance evaluation research still has a weak theoretical basis.Based on the three benefits framework under the sustainable development concept,it mainly introduce comprehensive evaluation of multiple benefits for individual completed project,resulting in the tedious research contents.Moreover,most of the existing literature is limited to the surface of the measurement method alone,ignoring the in-depth research purpose of responding practice;and has the problems of weak relevance between conclusions and practice,which brings poor practical application and weakens the pertinence and effectiveness of landscape performance research as a guiding practice basis.Therefore,based on the purposes of research combined with design practice,research is for design practice,research services design practice and the understanding of evidence-based design ideas and connotations,this thesis proposes an evidence-based design-oriented research path for precision landscape performance evaluation.Focusing on the core recreation functions of urban comprehensive parks,this thesis deeply explores the research framework of urban park recreation benefit evaluation based on the evidence-based design-oriented research path.Under the guidance of the proposed framework,this thesis conducts empirical research on the basis of establishing scientific and reasonable park recreation index.The empirical research would provide scientific evidence for the recreation space design of urban parks that meets the users’ needs and improve the practical application value of performance evaluation research.Moreover,the research is aimed to improve the attraction and use efficiency of the future urban park green space and alleviate the shortage problem of high-density urban green space.The thesis is mainly divided into four parts.Part 1: Literature ReviewThrough the research integration method,this part provides vertical clarification of the origin and development process of landscape performance related research and horizontal understanding of the important ideological connotation of performance research and its development relationship with landscape architecture design practice.These efforts clarify the ideological core and future development trend of landscape performance research.From the current domestic and international landscape performance evaluation research,this part further combs the research progress of the comprehensive evaluation paradigm that emphasizes the multiple benefit characteristics of landscape.Based on the goal of landscape performance research,this part analyzes the current progress and shortcomings of relevant research and summarizes the main difficulties in the current landscape performance research.The research path and suggestions based on the evidence-based design-oriented precision landscape performance evaluation are therefore proposed in this part.This part points out the need to attach importance to and strength the theoretical study of landscape performance evaluation related to practice.(Chapter 2)Part 2: The Basic Theory ResearchFocusing on the specific projects of urban parks,this part clarifies the recreation benefit as the core category of park’s social benefits,and summarizes the current related research progress of urban park’s social benefits in China and in the United States under the LPS program.This part therefore points out the current research faces the problems that the indicators are not rigorous,the research objectives are not clear and the research results are poorly applied.Through the system analysis method and deductive method,this part analyzes the internal relationship between landscape performance and evidence-based design,and explores the connotation and key contents of evidence-based design-oriented precision landscape performance evaluation,as well as introduces the basic research framework for the urban park’s recreation benefit evaluation under the guidance of evidence-based design.Following the path of the established framework,this part then introduces scientific indicators and methods for the urban park’s recreation benefit evaluation.This would provide a theoretical basis for specific case study.(Chapter 3 & Chapter 4)Part 3: Case StudyThe typical parks in the downtown area of Guangzhou city,which is core city in the Pearl River Delta region,are selected as the cases for the research of recreation benefit evaluation.The behavior record method and the questionnaire survey method are used to conduct investigation and research.Statistical analysis was conducted for the collected data.(Chapter 5)Part 4: Interpretations and ConclusionsThrough the deductive analysis method,the hypothesis of factors affecting the use of recreational space in parks is proposed.The recreation space qualities of typical parks are analyzed.Then,using the hybrid analysis method,the relationship between the recreation efficiency level in a park and the park’s space quality is discussed.This is implemented by the feedback analysis of the relationship between the evaluation results of the typical park’s recreation benefits and the park’s space qualities.Under the basis of how the recreation space design affects the behavioral choice of recreation and then affects the results of recreation performance evaluation,the mechanism of the relationship between the recreation space quality and the recreation benefits,and a recreation production model of “Space Quality vs Recreation Activity”,are established in this part.(Chapter 6)The innovations of this thesis are listed as following.1)An evidence-based design-oriented research path for precision landscape performance evaluation and a basic research framework for the urban park’s recreation benefit evaluation under the guidance of evidence-based design are proposed in this thesis.2)A research hypothesis that “the different recreational activities bring different benefits to the tourists” is introduced.Based on the “use situation” of recreation space,the urban park’s recreation benefit evaluation indicators under different activities are introduced in this thesis.3)Based on the rating criteria of factors that affects recreational space quality,a recreation production model of “Space Quality vs Recreation Activity” is established in this thesis.