Research On The Traditional Regional Landscape Of Northern And Central Area Of Shandong

Regional landscape of China has suffered a huge impact in the context of globalization and rapid urbanization.The "constructive" destruction continued to spread,the balance between natural and artificial systems was broken,the relationship between city and natural landscape was fragmented and a serious of landscape and ecological crisis arised.Therefore,it is imminent to carry out research on regional landscape system from a comprehensive perspective of landscape architecture.Learning the ancients' valuable experience in handling man and land relations,in order to provide the theoretical basis for the protection of the geographical features and the inheritance of historical context.The northern and central area of Shandong is located in the central part of Haidai area,which has a relatively independent geographical location.This area carries a variety of regional landscape types because of the undulating hills and variegated rivers.and agriculture and culture originated earlier.This area was taken as an example,and the time was defined as the period of agricultural society before the end of Qing Dynasty(before 1912).This area contains the scope of Xiaoqing River and its tributaries,and four historical cities of Linzi,Qingzhou,Jinan and Zichuan,which had both natural and cultural geographical representation were taken as research cases.Then local history books were fully collected,the regional landscape system was studied in different stratification,and the development process and pattern features of urban and rural areas and typical cities were studied on combined with historical maps,military maps,old photos and archeological information,in order to establish the traditional regional landscape system of the region-urban dual-scale of the study area.At the level of regional scale,traditional regional landscape was o'verlayed by four levels of,natural background-water conservancy construction-agricultural production-urban and rural construction",the natural background summarized the features of the mountain,hydrology,vegetation and soil in the original natural state;water conservancy construction contains three aspects of Yellow River diversion management,construction of water conservancy facilities and water conservancy construction of farm,which combined natural and artificial facilities,and their role in flood discharge,irrigation,etc.was explored;agricultural production contains six aspects of the development of agriculture,irrigated area distribution,farmland types,ownership system of farmland,crop cultivation and farming techniques,and the historical experience of the ancients in dealing with soil salinity and land intensive use was summarized;urban and rural construction sorts out the pattern characterastics and the background of urban and rural area,then five main factors were extracted to analyze its influencc to the origin and development of local settlements.At the level of urban scale,the development of four cities was combined from the evolution of urban form,landscape environment changes and construction of landscape architecture.Then the three aspects of "natural landscape-artificial system-image perception" were studied on in traditional urban regional landscape system,and started from five aspects of the establishment of landscape pattern,the construction of urban space,the arrangement of water network system,the formation of landscape pattern and the perception of artistic conception space.lt was built based on water system,and the physical and image space was its main content.The prospect of protection and development of regional landscape was put forward combined with the changes of urban and rural landscape style since late Qing dynasty.Three major regional protection strategies of cherishing the land and protecting the whole landscape area,regional integration and synergistic development,rooting in nature and transferring heritage were summarized,and the protection strategies of historical cities were put forward in four aspects,which were continuation of landscape environment.inheritance of space characteristics,remodeling of urban image and protection of cultural ecology.The innovation of this dissertation was study results,methods and extension of ideas,the theoretical framework of multi-layered traditional regional landscape system of region-urban scale was constructed by using the research ideas of area to city,overall to typical from the perspective of landscape architecture,combined with theories of historical geography and human settlements.This research filled the blank of traditional regional landscape research of the study area,the research scale of regional landscape was expanded,the characteristics of the pattern and dynamic development of regional landscape were explored by using the method of stratified analysis,the historical experience and ecological wisdom were summarized,and the overall protection strategy of regional landscape was put forward,in order to establish the foundation for the study of regional landscape at the national level.