| Since 21st century,climate change and environmental protection have become the top priority of the whole human society.As one of the main sources of global greenhouse gas emissions,logistics activities and cargo transport play a vital role in global climate governance and the successful implementation of sustainable development goals.In the trend of supply chain globalization,the market scale of logistics and freight transportation industry expands rapidly,China has become the largest freight market in the world.And logistics industry plays an important role in promoting national production,stimulating consumption and changing the traditional economic development mode.However,the rapid expansion of logistics industry creates serious environmental problems such as high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.Under the background of"ecological civilization construction" in China,policy makers pay high attention to environmental protection in logistics sector.For logistics enterprises in China,environmental sustainable development is still in its infancy,and has not established a mature environmental sustainable evaluation and management system,the trade-off between economic interests and environmental protection is still a fundamental problem faced by enterprise managers.This study focuses on the environmental sustainable development of logistics.From micro-perspective,this study conducts a systematic assessment on the environmental sustainability of logistics service providers.The research contents are explored from the following three parts.(1)The decision-making framework building of the environmental sustainable assessment on logistics enterprises.Firstly,based on the natural resources based view(NRBV),the environmental management decision-making of logistics enterprises is divided into negative and positive responses according to the environmental attitude,corresponding to the natural emission reduction strategy and environmental priority strategy,the drivers of different environmental strategies were qualitatively analyzed.Secondly,based on the CSR reports of logistics enterprises,the qualitative analysis on the environmental sustainability practices of Chinese logistics enterprises was carried out.And the adoption of environmental sustainability practices was compared statistically from five aspects:transportation strategy,green building and warehousing,recycling and disposal,internal environmental management,and environmental compliance.Finally,based on enterprise decision level,this study further clarifies the dynamic relationship between enterprise environmental strategy,environmental sustainable practice,and environmental sustainable efficiency,the sustainable practice of environmental sustainability in the structured context and environmental strategy in the unstructured context are connected by the measurement of environmental sustainability efficiency.The framework of environmental sustainable decision-making of logistics enterprise is constructed which makes the assessments of environmental sustainable development runs through the whole decision-management process of the enterprise.(2)The measurement of environmental sustainability efficiency of logistics service provider.Based on the RAM-DEA model,this study builds the system framework of environmental assessment model from the perspective of environmental management decision-making.The environmental sustainability efficiency evaluation model is conducted under two possible sets of economic priority and environmental priority.This study collected the environmental emission data of China's listed logistics enterprises and international logistics enterprises,combined with the data of production factors as inputs and desirable output,then measured the environmental sustainable efficiency based on the environmental RAM-DEA model.The empirical results show that the evaluation of environmental efficiency under operational priority is higher,the variance between decision-making units is small.While the efficiency under environmental priority is lower than efficiency under economic priority,and its efficiency score of decision-making unit has higher variance.Further,a comparative analysis of the efficiency under environmental priority of logistics enterprises reveals that the overall efficiency of Chinese logistics enterprises is lower than that of international logistics enterprises,and the efficiency value of state-owned logistics enterprises is lower than that of private logistics enterprises.(3)The research on the drive forces of environmental sustainability efficiency in logistics enterprises.Based on the institutional theory,this study explored the drive forces from both internal and external of logistics enterprises,and built the theory framework.The factors are empirically tested using multiple data sources.The final empirical results confirm that the economic benefits and technological level of enterprises have a significant positive impact on environmental priority efficiency,the quality of government policies and regulations,as well as the evaluation of corporate social responsibility from stakeholders can positively affect the environmental sustainability efficiency of enterprises.The degree of environmental pollution in the area where the enterprise is located is negatively related to the environmental sustainability efficiency of the enterprise.Researchers who focus on the green logistics mostly give more attention on the production operation and policy regulation.While the logistics enterprise's own environmental sustainability attitude,the efficiency of environmental sustainable implementation,and the factors promoting environmental sustainability efficiency haven't been in-depth studied.Researches on sustainable development of logistics need to combine with the actual development situation along with sustainable supply chain management and environmental management related theory,to explore it in a more in-depth and systematic way.The main innovations in this study are in the following aspects:(1)From the decision-making level,this study connects unstructured enterprise environmental strategy and structured environmental sustainability practice through the evaluation of environmental sustainability efficiency,and constructs the environmental sustainable decision-making framework.The dynamic relationship between environmental sustainable strategy,practices and efficiency expands the theoretical analysis of the environmental sustainability of logistics enterprises.(2)This study applies RAM-DEA model to the evaluation of environmental sustainability in logistics enterprises,and combines the environmental sustainable attitudes of enterprise with the premise of model establishment,constructs a sustainable efficiency evaluation system under two kinds of production possibility sets of economic priority and environmental priority.Using environmental sustainable efficiency to evaluate environmental performance makes up for the possible deviation of absolute performance evaluation through absolute performance indicator evaluation,the application of non-radial DEA model in environmental sustainable development evaluation is expanded.(3)Previous researches on green logistics and the evaluation of environmental sustainability performance mostly use regional samples,while the research of enterprise dimension is mainly based on qualitative methods.This study collected environmental data of Chinese and foreign listed logistics enterprises in their corporate sustainable responsibility reports from the year of first disclosure to 2018 by artificial means,used CO2 emissions as undesirable outputs in the environmental sustainability efficiency evaluation model.The comparison and analysis of the environmental sustainability efficiency measurement of Chinese logistics enterprises and international logistics enterprises are also carried out.The multi-angle evaluation of the environmental sustainability efficiency of Chinese logistics enterprises makes up for the deficiency of the environmental performance evaluation of the existing literature in the micro-enterprise angle. |
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