Design And Synthesis Hano Materials For Renewable Energy,and Fluorescence Sensors For Detecting Cations And Their Applications

Follow the high-speed developing of economic, the environment pollution from industry and fossil fuel have been increasing to the top point in the recent years which is dangerous for human life. In this paper, we will present our research about nanomaterials for solving energy source and environment pollution issues, and fluorescent sensors for detecting metal ion in the environment pollution system. Electrical energy storage and conversion systems play a vital role in efficient and cost-effective utilization of clean energy from renewable sources. In particular, electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices such as batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors are considered the most promising candidate for portable and mobile applications. Among them, supercapacitors offer a number of advantages over conventional batteries, including fast charge rate, long-term cycling stability, and the ability to deliver up to ten times more power. These features are desirable for a range of applications, from electric vehicles to smart grids. A chemosensor is defined as a molecule of abiotic origin that reversibly complexes to an analyte with a concomitant signal transduction. Of the many different kinds of sensors, fluorescent chemosensors have several advantages over other methods due to their sensitivity, specificity, and real-time monitoring with fast response time. From previous report, fluorescent chemosensors base on Rhodomine, Fluorescine, Coumarin derivate with low toxite, low price, high quantum yield were considered to be the most promising tools for the detection of Hg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Fe3+. In this thesis, I separate8chapters to present my research projects about synthesizing a series of nano materials for the appliactions of supercapacitros, and fluorescent chemosensors for cations: 1, Motivation of my research project, introduction of supercapacitors and review of advance fluorescent chemosensors for detecting metal ions in the aqueous solution in the recent years;2, A series of3D CoxNi1-xDHs/NiCo2O4/CFP hybrid composite electrodes have been prepared by using a facile hydrothermal synthesis and an electrodeposition process. These hybrid composite electrodes exhibit high performance in a three-electrode cell.3, hybrid composites Ni(OH)2/Co3O4and Ni(OH)2/NiCo204directly grown on CFP were used as electrodes for supercapacitors. The electrochemical performances of the Ni(OH)2/NiCo2O4/CFP are better than those of the Ni(OH)2/Co3O4/CFP electrode, demonstrating higher specific capacitance and rate capability The capacitance retention is about79%as the cycling current density was increased from2mA/cm2to50mA./cm2.4, Single-crystalline SnSe2nanoplates were synthesized by a noncatalytic vapor deposition process and demonstrated a strong mediation effect of the substrate for the growth. The effect of substrates is evidenced by a temperature dependent morphological difference in the nanoplates grown on mica and silicon substrates. Our analysis indicates that the observed temperature-dependent morphological difference can be specifically linked to the surface migration of SnSe2adatoms.5, Two rhodamine-based fluorogenic probe bearing the quinaldine unit (LI) and furan unit (L2), were developed as turn-on fluorescent chemosensors for Cu2+. Upon binding with Cu2+, comparable amplifications of absorption and fluorescence signals were observed, which suggest that chemosensors L1and L2effectively avoided the fluorescence quenching caused by the paramagnetic nature of Cu2+. Importantly, L1and L2can selectively respond to Cu2+over other commonly coexistent metal ions (such as K, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Hg2+, Zn2+, Cr3+) in aqueous media with a rapid response time (<2min). In addition, biological imaging studies using living cells to monitor Cu2+are successfully demonstrated.6, A sulfide rhodamine derivate L3was successfully synthesized. This molecular shows excellent sensitivity and highly selectivity for Cu2+in the aqueous solution. We also assume the mechanism of L3response to Cu2+by three steps, Cu2+-promoted ring opening, redox and hydrolysis reactions from the ESI-mass spectrometry. In addition, the biological imaging study has demonstrated that L3can detect Cu2+in the living cells.7, A new fluorescent sensor L4based on coumarin was synthesized. It shows high sensitivity and selectivity toward Cu2+in aqueous solution. The complexation mode and corresponding quenching mechanismwere elucidated by ESIMS and DFT calculations. In addition, the response of the L4-Cu2+complex toward physiologically and environmentally important anions was investigated through fluorescence spectra. The results indicated that only S2-and P2O72-can efficiently enhance the fluorescence intensity of the L4-Cu system over other anions.8, A Fe3+chemosensor (L6) was successfully synthesized with a quinoline moiety bound to rhodamine6G hydrazide. This sensor shows high selectivity and sensitivity to Fe3+in aqueous solution in the presence of other trace metal ions in organisms, abundant cellular cations and prevalent toxic metal ions in the environment.