Low Consumption Energy Conservation Mechanism In Wireless Sensor Networks And Its Applications In Industrial Monitoring

As the development of micro-electromechanical systems, wirelesscommunication, and digital electronic components, low-power, low-cost, short-distance, multifunctional wireless sensor networks came out. In recent years, the rapiddevelopment of ZigBee technology based on the IEEE802.15.4standard protocol, thecommunications capabilities of wireless sensor networks are increasing, and driving itswide application in all fields. Sensor node’s own energy limited and the network usagetime makes energy efficient mechanism in wireless sensor networks become animportant research component.To reduced wireless sensor network energy consumption, and extended networklife cycle, through research network energy consumption of main sources and thecorresponding of energy efficient mechanism, a cluster heads and routers reselectionrouting protocol based on energy efficiency is proposed. It proposes redundant nodeelimination methods based on coverage probability and grid generation to optimize therouting protocol. It also proposes network blind districts coverage algorithm based onVoronoi diagram. Based on EECRS protocol a wireless monitoring system is designedfor Daqing petrochemical oil refined factory. And the algorithms proposed in thispaper are testified by on-site testing.Primary energy consumptions of wireless sensor networks come from datatransmission process. In order to reduce the amount of data transmission in network,the characteristics of routing protocols in wireless sensor network and its designrequirements are analyzed. In order to balance the energy consumption of the nodes inthe network and achieving data aggregation during the transmission process, a clusterheads and routers reselection routing protocol is proposed based on cluster-head ofenergy-efficiency and combined with ideas and energy threshold of cluster-basedrouting concepts. The method of calculating optimal cluster number is given. Throughthe simulation, authentication protocol on network performance is improved comparedwith the LEACH-C Protocol.Sensor nodes are partially redundant during the deployment which produces a lotof redundant data in a network, and causes traffic congestion and node energy waste.In order to detect redundant node and have it sleep timely, two redundant nodeexamining methods are proposed: coverage probability-based method and gridpartition-based method. And the method accuracy is verified by simulation. Tocombine redundant routing protocol examining methods and energy-efficiency, routingprotocol based on redundant node elimination is proposed. Through simulationcomparison with the existing agreements, it is verified that our protocols can extend network lifetime.With the same time of redundancy generation during node deployment in wirelesssensor networks, it has coverage blind districts. In order to ensure network coveragedegree of regional monitoring, the network coverage blind detection algorithm basedon Voronoi diagrams is researched. On the basis of the results of coverage blinddetection, blind covering algorithm is proposed combined with perceived radiusadjustment and adding mobile nodes. Through the simulation analysis under differentnumber of nodes distribution, blind covering algorithm improves the network coverage.Based on EECRS protocol proposed in this paper, a wireless temperaturemonitoring system is designed for hotline system of refinery feedstock pipelines inDaqing petrochemical oil refined factory. This system selects the digital temperaturesensor, XBee modules based on ZigBee technology as communication components,and solar panels to provide power. Interface program between the host-computer andcommunications module is built up via LABVIEW software to enable data exchangebetween the two. Based on industrial control software, the information managementsoftware is developed to realize analysis of the monitoring data, data management,fault alarm, etc. And the energy efficiency of EECRS protocol is testified through sitetesting comparing with direct transmission method and LEACH-C protocol. The extraredundant sub-stations are added into WSNs, and the accuracy of proposed redundantnode determination algorithms is testified comparing with perimeter coveragealgorithm and CCP algorithm. The communication modules of two sub-stations areturned off to make coverage blind of system. The validity of coverage blind detectionalgorithm is testified by on-site testing.Through research of energy efficient mechanism in wireless sensor networks,cluster heads and routers reselection routing protocol is proposed based on energyefficiency in this paper. The redundant node determination methods are proposedbased on coverage probability and grid generation. Based on coverage blind detectionresults via Voronoi diagram, the network blind covering algorithm is proposedcombined node perception radius adjustment and mobile nodes added methods.Wireless temperature monitoring system is designed, and energy efficiency of EECRSprotocol in practical application is testified. The accuracy of proposed redundant nodedetermination algorithms is testified by adding redundant sub-stations. Two sub-stations are turned off to make coverage blind, and system is tested. The result showsthat the proposed coverage blind algorithm is valid.