| Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)are usually composed of a large number of sensor nodes,which are used to collect and process information in a specific monitoring area.It is widely applied in environmental monitoring of biological habitats,military reconnaissance,industrial production control,smart home and medical,etc.On the one side,Sensor nodes are subject to functional requirements and hardware limitations often accompanied by limited computing,communication,and energy consumption capabilities.In most application scenarios,Sensor nodes carrying relatively fixed battery power which are randomly distributed in the sensing area.In this situation,it is very important to choose the routing protocol which can transmit data stably and effectively.Routing protocols need to ensure that the energy consumption during the transmission process is at a low level in order to extend the network life of WSN.On the other side,due to the particularity of WSN application scenarios,it is extremely vulnerable to attacks by attackers.However,the sensor nodes themselves have a weak ability to resist attacks.Meanwhile,common security mechanism such as encryption,watermarking and so on have brought additional and more complex computing for WSN routing protocols.Therefore,WSN usually need to consider the implementation of security in order to be applied in all aspects of the industry.In this paper,the energy efficiency improvement and security implementation of routing protocols in WSN are extensive investigated.Due to the hierarchical routing protocol in the WSN is widely applied because of its good network stability and effective communication capability.Its cluster structure and the integration process of the data have a good performance in energy consumption and data transmission.At the same time,in order to establish a relatively safe communication channel,we need to ensure that the sensor nodes are trusted in the WSN,so it is very important to propose a reliable trust model to guide the trust inference of sensor nodes.Firstly,a trust management system based on Dirichlet is designed and proposed according to the actual interaction in the network,the requirement of security and the structural characteristics of the hierarchical routing protocol.This system obtains the comprehensive trust value of each sensor by combining the direct trust value with historical abnormal data and the recommended trust value of security node from the third-party to identify the malicious nodes and conduct the subsequent election of the third-party security node.The simulation results show that compared with the trust mechanism based on Beta or gaussian distribution,it is more quickly and effectively to identify the malicious nodes that carry out such as on-off attacks in WSN.Meanwhile,the node trust value calculated by this trust mechanism also provides a quantitative reference for the subsequent election of security nodes in the normal nodes' interaction of WSN.Secondly,a hierarchical routing protocol combining energy efficiency and security is designed and proposed.In order to reduce energy consumption in WSN,the optimal number of cluster heads is obtained according to the minimum energy consumption of routing protocol during data transmission process.Combining sensor node's residual energy and alive nodes density can effectively reduce energy consumption in WSN.The heat zone problem of the relay node in the cluster is reduced.The security cluster heads are selected by considering the trust values of sensor nodes to improve the security of protocol execution while optimizing the energy consumption scheme.Simulation results show that the proposed hierarchical routing protocol is superior to the existing two corresponding improvement schemes.At the same time,the introduction of trust parameters can also reduce packet loss caused by the attack of malicious nodes in the network,which means the protocol has the ability to optimize energy consumption and resist attacks in the WSN. |
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