Study On Routing Protocols Of Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Energy Efficiency

Wireless Sensor Networks serve as a data platform that can provide real-time monitoring andcollect information of monitoring area, and it is also a self-organized network that composed by alarge amount of sensor nodes. Moreover, with the immense application potential in household,industry, agriculture and military, WSN has attracted much attention, and major breakthroughs havebeen seen in the relevant studies.Different from traditional computer communication networks, WSN’s application scenarios areoften in outdoor or unattended area, so it is powered by batteries in general. Since the energe of thewhole network is limited, prolonging the lifetime of network has become one of the most importantresearch focus in WSN. In light of the deficiencies of LEACH Protocol (the classical layer-clusterrouting protocol), this thesis draws a focus on LEACH-T Protocol that improves the methods ofcluster head selection. To be more specific, it adds numerous factors into the threshold value andintroduces a reward and punishment mechanism in clustering phase that allows the non-cluster headnodes to select the most appropriate cluster to join. LEACH-T Protocol, proved by experiments onthe NS2simulation platform, outperforms traditional routing protocols in sustaining a longernetwork service life.Furthermore, a new energy-efficient routing protocol based on the Artificial Bee ColonyAlgorithm (ABCA) has been proposed in this thesis. The concept of artificial intelligence isintroduced in the improvement of the layer-cluster protocols, rendering a fitness function basedmethod in the selection of cluster heads. Through the simulation expriment results on NS2softwareand compared with conventional layer-cluster protocols, the feasibility of the algorithm is verified.The ABCA based routing protocol has obvious advantages in terms of energy efficiency.