Study On The Operational Mechanism Of Agrotechnical Extension In China

Agricultural development depends on policy, investment, science and technology, finally depends on science and technology. Scientific innovation is the base, the final goal of scientific innovation is that it is accepted by general peasant households. Agrotechnical extension mechanism becomes better and better since new China was established, but it also contains many problems.On the basis of the analyzing the present condition of agrotechnical extension demand and factors that influence farmers’selection of technology,this article makes some suggestion for futher development of demand mechanism. This paper elaborated the development history of agrotechnical extension system of our country,and discussed the problems and weaknesses of agrotechnical extension supply.On the analysis, this paper constructed an evaluation model of technology selection, and also constructed a new operational mechanism of agrotechnical extension.The main research content and result of this dissertation include:(1) International comparative research on agrotechnical extension mechanism. This paper compared three international agrotechnical extension systems. The analysis shows that the system of government organization is the main body absolutely in the world. Along with society’s development, the overseas government introduces market mechanism positively, the development of agrotechnical extension system presents multiplication trend. The paper also compared agrotechnical extension mechanism of different countries from legal safeguard, agrotechnical extension funds, agrotechnical extension content, agrotechnical extension troop, ways of agrotechnical extension, and compared the operating condition of domestic and foreign agrotechnical extension mechanism. Based on this, this paper obtained such enlightenment:Firstly, we must establish mechanism of legal safeguard; secondly, we must establish mechanism that the government is the main investor; thirdly, we must establish safeguard mechanism of high quality promotion troop; finally, we must establish effective mechanism of fixation of agricultural scientific research, agricultura education and agrotechnical extension.(2) Research on the present condition of agrotechnical extension demand and analysis of optimization of demand mechanism. The farmers’demand of technology is strong by analyzing the current situation of the farmers’demand of technology. This paper aims at analyzing factors that influence farmers’selection for different attribute technologies.The result shows that technical attribution is an important factor for the farmers’ selection behavior for technologies. The result also shows that the farmer selection behavior for high-costinput technology and low-costinput technology is obviously related to economic benefits of technologies, township agrotechnical extension centers and agricultural training; and the farmer net family income and neighborhood spreading influence their selection behavior greatly for high-costinput technology. According to the conclusion, we advocate to strengthen building agrotechnical extension organizations in grass-roots governments, and support agricultural training and optimization of risk safeguard mechanisms of technology selection.(3) Research on the history and the present condition of agrotechnical extension supply and analysis of insufficient supply. This paper elaborated the development history of agrotechnical extension system of our country. And analyzed the characteristic feature which agrotechnical extension supply is insufficient from supply quality, supply service, supply structure.Based on the reason of insufficient supply of agrotechnical extension, we advocate to optimization the mechanism which the peasant household demand is guidance.(4)Research on the supply mechanism of agrotechnical extension.The funding investment and the human capital investment of agrotechnical extension are insufficient. Based on the analysis, we advocate to increase the total quantity of government investment suitably, promote the formation of human capital, advance the multiplication investment system, reform the government agrotechnical extension system, optimize the agrotechnical extension troop.This paper constructed an evaluation model of technology selection for different level governments by the factor analysis and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.(5) Research on the building of new operational mechanism of agrotechnical extension. In order to solve the isolated situation of agricultural scientific research and agrotechnical demand, this paper proposed to establish "duel system".While maintaining the stability of government agrotechnical extension system, the agricultural scientific research and education unit which is authorized by provincial government can be in charge of agrotechnical extension of some urban district which is choosed by provincial government(these districts are called experiment site).The new system is a effective combination of agricultural scientific research and agrotechnical demand.This paper proposed some policy suggestions from the developing of marketing agricultural extension system, money input, the formation of human capital and related policies.