The Study On "Rural Construction " Which Was Pubulished From1931to1937in The Republic Of China

In1930s Chinese rural economy experienced great recession because of theaggression of other countries, grab by force and the natural and man-made calamitiesas well, which led to the campaign of rural construction aimed at becoming a strongnation and enriching the people. And the campaign stirred the interest of intellectualsto discuss the related issues, as the result the magazine Rural Construction started itspublication. Rural Construction collects different questions about rural economy,politics and culture, also including academic viewpoint about theoretic research. Themagazine introduces, analyses and comments some advanced thoughts and theoriesand international campaigns. What’s more, the magazine tries to find a suitable wayfor China by absorbing and combining international experiences and lessons withChinese conditions. This paper tries to give a comprehensive, systematic analysis ofthe foundation, concerned people and the contents to show the economic thoughts andits features in the Republic of China. With the combination of historical materials andeconomic methods, the goal of the paper is to provide feasibility advices for today’sThree Rural Issues, that is issues concerning agriculture, the countryside and farmers.The paper gives a general picture of the magazine. Among all the creators, Mr.Liang contributes a lot and has a great influence. The paper begins with theintroduction of Mr. Liang and his proposal to establish Shandon Rural constructionResearch Institute. At the basis of the institute, the magazine began the publication inAugust1931, and stopped the publication in1937. From1931to1934, the magazinepublished once every ten days and in1935changed to publish once every fifteen dayswith stopping publishing in January and July. The magazine shows its political andacademic features by the combination of the theories and current conditions,appearing the status in the campaign and economic thoughts of the time. Themagazine collects a considerable amount of editors and writers whose researchaspects vary from economy to education and politics.Following the overall introduction, this paper’s third, forth, fifth, sixth chapter analyze the contents of the magazine respectively, to parse out the reflection ofeconomic thoughts and the feasibility advices for today’s Three Rural Issues.The third chapter analyses the issue of rural construction, which is related witheconomy, politics, culture, education, thoughts and theories. The paper tries to find thechanging trials of the theories and the revelations for modern academic research. Thepaper believes that the essays published in the magazine can reflect the process ofrural economic thoughts, the change from Chinese traditional economic thoughts tothe combination of nation and world, the change from pursuing of westernmainstream economic thoughts to accepting Marxism economic thoughts. And thevalue of the essays in the magazine lies that it provides historical material and theeffective suggestions for the frame of the rural construction theory.The fourth chapter analyzes the rural construction of economic problems ofcooperation. The article Outlines economic cooperation theory, Chinese foreigncooperation economic theory and cooperative economy theory faction. The end of thischapter is economic cooperation application of the theory for the interface. The authorof the rural construction of economic cooperation overall analysis articles,respectively depicts a capitalist cooperation economic theory, communist cooperationeconomic theory and rural cooperative economy theory at the time of the developmentof China. The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis of several enlightenment: therural construction of the capitalist economic cooperation is introduced the theory ofthe article, there is a clear characteristics, that is, on private ownership, under thepremise of using rational economic cooperation and hope that through to thesecapitalist economic cooperation of the theory of introduction and evaluation, for whenthe government for addressing the economic crisis policy to provide certain basis; thecommunist cooperation economic theory of introduction, around the public ownership,establish humanized cooperation organization, through the construction of such theoryfor rural farmers solve the most practical problems most pressing; the ruralcooperative economy theory analysis introduction, rural cooperative economy theorybetween capitalism and communism theory of economic cooperation betweeneconomic theory, is in rural construction sports, rural construction according to the actual research out the rural cooperation economic theory, and it both, compared torural cooperative economy theory more accord with country construction at that time,the more suitable for China’s national conditions at that time.The fifth chapter focuses on rural financial problems as the research objectanalysis. The republic of China time, due to the Chinese society is in the reform period, by the western democratic trend of intrusive, China social ideological trend of flood, especially economic thought is very active. China’s financial thought also entered afast development period, its remarkable characteristics is about financial thought writings prosperity, genre legacy. In China’s financial thought the lead of the the rural financial also entered a fast development period. This chapter not only introduces the general situation of the rural finance, will also rural financial theory are introduced the application of evaluation. The rural construction in the rural financial theory application research, mainly based on the experimental plot the financial situation in object, through the analysis of the tally up the rural financial problems to solve the way. The rural construction in scholars think, solve the rural financial problems way has two, one is the money problem, one is the organization. Historical development today, the development of the rural to a large extent is also hamstrung by the constraints of funds, lack of funds, financing is to break through the bottleneck of rural development, financial cooperation organization also failed to perform its functions. This chapter of capital andthrough organizational problems of research, to China’s current rural fund raising andthe reform of rural credit cooperatives provides new ideas and perfect rural financial system to provide the new roadThe sixth chapter is the village construction of the rural land problem. Thischapter is talking the first period of the republic of rural land survey and land reformsituation analysis research. In the period of the republic of rural land in the profile,can see the predecessor of the rural China, even development today, China’s rural landremain inequality, the problem of insufficient arable land. In the period of the republicof land reform in the countryside, around the "land to the tiller" thought, this theory isfrom the reality, but thought in the right direction. In the period of the republic of therural land problem introduced, and the comprehensive classification the rural construction "in about the rural land problem of research, and put forward thethinking of the land problem is introduced. Land problem is economic thought is animportant part of the rural land problem and solve the land problem of theintroduction of the path, introduces the current economic ideology to provide areference for the research, especially land distribution problems and land managementproblems of the research, the development of agriculture, today to solve the ThreeRural Issues.The paper’s conclusion part focuses on the rural construction of the overallreview and investigation. This paper analyzes on the rural construction of academiccontributions, history and its influence to the real enlightenment. The author holdsthat the rural construction about the period of the republic of rural development, itsmany economic thinking research results, even in the reform and open policy thetoday, still has an important reference value for the theory of the modem China’sagricultural modernization problem, new problems, urbanization of rural financialsystem of the country, the management’s research has the certain enlightenmentsignificance. Talk about the rural construction of positive effects, the paper discussesthe limitations of the journal itself, the limitation of the study and the process that canall influence to readers of the rural construction.