Research On Multi-subjects Governanceabout The Health Poverty Of China

Health is the basis of comprehensive development of human being, which is not only the fundamental guarantee but also the ultimate goal of economic development and political stability. As the fundamental right, everyone has access to health care is the important symbol of improvement of social living standard and life quality. However, the poor and sick situation may lead to health poverty, which not only hinders people’s freedom and development but also affects the social fairness and justice. As the root-cause of health poverty, the occurrence of serious diseases blocks the realization of the right to health. Due to the fact that poor health is the cause affecting social instability, reducing social efficiency, and hindering the development of the society, it worth making an intensive study of how to protect the disadvantaged group’ rights to health and solve the problem of poor health better to finally realize the sustainable development of the social economy and fairness.Facing the increasingly complicated governance issues of health poverty, accompanied with the phenomenon that polycentric demand for benefit and the desire to participate are rising, the government is no longer the only social manager and public products provider. Health poverty becomes the common object of governance for the government, market, society and citizens. Nevertheless, the current studies are scattered that mainly focus on the government’s role in medicaid, the responsibility and function of each main body supposed to have in the health system, the relationship among the government, market, social organization and citizen respectively, which should be researched systematically. With the method of polycentric governance in health security, this paper trys to clarify the function orientation and relationship among the main bodies in healthcare. Meanwhile, analyzing the content, main body, mechanism and effect of governance of Health Poverty. Finally, to explore the effective method of governance of health poverty and reach the goal of Healthy China.This study consists of three parts including the introduction, main body and conclusion.The introduction part analyzes the research on origin of the health poverty issue, the perspective of polycentric governance, the value area of social justice, the theoretical and practical significance of study, and the literature review both home and abroad. Then, introduce the research methods used in this paper, such as the combination of inductive and deductive analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the overall research method and literature research, case study, field interviews, social observation and so on.The main body part is divided into five chapters. The first chapter expounds the contents of the poor health governance in China(governance’s objects), believing that health poverty is the loss of the ability to gain health, the deprivation of the right to health,the loss of human capital. Especially the serious disease is the root cause of health poverty. The second chapter uses the responsible government theory, cooperative theory, NGO theory, the polycentric governance theory to analyzes the governance body of health poverty(governance’s performers), believing the government, market, society and citizens should play the role in health system as governance performers. The third chapter discusses the establishment of the medical security system to help the governance of health poverty, then analyses summarizes of the multi-main-body governance( governance mechanism). The study found these below: the government is in the dominant position through the basic medical insurance system and medical assistance system of department in the governance of health poverty; The market takes part in the governance through serious disease insurance as the public-private partnership with the government; The society and citizen participate the governance of health poverty by the medical charity and the health conscious awareness to help the poor health management. On this basis, the fourth chapter explores the results and existential dilemma about governance of health poverty during the process of the main bodies’ participation, such as: poor connection of multiple governance body, fragmentation of government departments and policies, the failure of commercial health insurance to make full of the regulation, the imperfection of medicaid from social charity and citizens’ health state. Chapter fifth puts forward some policy suggestions for the governance of health poverty including building perfect polycentric governance paths of health poverty(governance path), connecting domestic and international, summarizing the governance approach of health poverty in domestic reform pilots and the different medical security systems dominated by different main body in the typical countries abroad. The details as bellow: Uniting the government, market, society and citizens together to promote national health legislation to improve the system of multiple forms of security; Reforming the instruction of commercial insurance institutions to provide the diversity of service; Developing private health organizations to promote the benign third-party guarantee; Enhancing health autonomy to improve the full range of self protection.The conclusion part summarizes the revelations and references in this research paper of governance of health poverty. The study focuses on health and believes that health poverty will become one of the important content of social governance; Multi-Subjects are supposed to play an important role in governing health poverty. Also, the main bodies should assume their respective responsibilities and strengthen mutual cooperation and coordination. As a whole, polycentric governance will be the only way for governance of health poverty.In general, any poor heath occurrence can get governance from the government, market or society in the field. The main body is supposed to play a role in treatment of poverty, but the function not only depends on the subject orientation also the perfect degree of the linkage among the different main body’s coordination mechanisms. As the principal part of governance of health poverty, the government has irreplaceable position and role; The government operates efficiently and fairly to balance the system; The government promotes social harmony and healthy development of public policy to make the relevant system perfect is significant for governance of health poverty. Market plays a beneficial supplement role of governance of health poverty as the invisible hand by realizing the public-private partnership, especially when the commercial insurance pattern for the health poverty management is happened in serious disease care; NGO as a third party, it is still a dispersed system which needs the further strengthened construction so that currently hasn’t become a main body for the governance of health poverty in China. Last but not least, to arouse the awareness of our citizens for health, to solve the heath disadvantaged group’s problem of ability development and improve their capability of benefit expression to gain the information. Only in that way can we enhance their own ability to avoid the health poverty.