A Research On The Human Skeletons Of Mogou Graveyard, Lintan County, Gansu Province

The Mogou graveyard is located the Yao River basin of Gannan region. From thegeographical view, this area is west to Xinjiang, east to the central Shensi plain, andnorth to the desert. It is the joint of the Central Plains and the area where the minoritygroups live in, and of the agricultural culture and nomadic culture. Archaeological andanthropological evident suggest that Caucasian had lived in Xinjiang before Qin andHan dynasty. On the other hand, the valleys of the Yellow River is the region whereMongolian already lived and multiplied since thousands years ago. And period of theQijia culture is the transition period from Neolithic to Bronze Age in Gansu andQinghai region. The culture and economic mode of Qijia have vitally changed duringthis period. Studying on the ancient population of the Mogou graveyard is vitallyuseful to figure out the cultural and genetic intercourse.In this dissertation, in terms of gender, age, height, pathological conditions,dental non-metric traits and skull morphology grinding groove graveyard ancientinhabitants of a more comprehensive physical anthropology. Gansu and Qinghai weekAdjacent crowd ancients bone material physical characteristics of the comparativeanalysis and combined with the results of archaeological research to explore the sourceand flow of the mill ditch group of residents to provide the necessary reference data fora comprehensive understanding of the Gansu and Qinghai crowd geographical change.The dissertation is divided into ten chapters.Chapter Ⅰ IntroductionIn this chapter, the author briefly introduces the natural geographical location ofthe Mogou graveyard, and gives a brief description of archeology background of thegraveyard. The purpose and significance of this study has been described. ChapterⅡ The appraisal of sex and age, the study of people’s life spanOn the basis of the identification of sex and age, author analyzes the distributionof the sex ratio and age of death of Mogou graveyard. Furthermore, author calculatesthe average age of death, the average life expectancy, and analyzes sex and agestructure on the ancient inhabitants of Mogou graveyard.Chapter Ⅲ Estimate of statureIn this chapter, author measured length of limb bones of skeletons excavatedfrom Mogou graveyard to valuate stature of the residents. And compared with othergroups, analysis shows that the height of the Mogou group of male residents at amedium level, while the average height of the female residents is relatively high.Chapter Ⅳ The research of paleopathologyThis chapter includes observation of the trauma of the skeletons, the disease ofthe skeletons, oral diseases and tooth wear. The author studies the statistical analysis ofthe incidence of common diseases.Chapter Ⅴ The observation and study of the morphological characteristics ofteeth non-measurementView from the observation and analysis of non-metric traits of the teeth, the teethform of the ancient inhabitants of Mogou group should belong to the population of theNortheast Asia. Dental non-metric traits observation project, select a common andrepresentative of the16traits group with other ancient and modern groups werecompared and analyzed, and come to the Mogou graveyard ancient inhabitants of therelative position of the ethnic distribution system.Chapter Ⅵ The study of non-metrical morphologyAccording to observation and analysis of the continuous traits of the skull,although there are Qijia culture and Siwa culture residents in Mogou graveyard, but thefeatures of the two groups of residents are similar, and both of them are belong toMongoloid. Author also found the two groups had similar skull discontinuous traits.Comparison with other Asian groups showed that Mogou residents has closest geneticaffinity with eastern Mongoloid. ChapterⅦ The study of metrical morphologyAlthough the simple size is small, but there is consistent craniofacialmorphology between Siwa and Qijia groups which can be observated. According totest of homogeneity based on biostatistical method, Mogou Qijia cultural group andSiwa cultural group had homogeneity. In comparison with modern humans, we foundthe group of Mogou ancient inhabitants belongs to the Mongoloid, and is closestgenetic affinity with East Asia Mongoloid.Chapter Ⅷ From the Mogou group to observe the geographical distribution andevolution of the ancient inhabitants of Gansu and QinghaiBased on the results of comparative analysis, the author suggests that Mogougroup is represented the cranial morphological characters of the middle phase ofancient Northwest type, is similar to Neolithic population in Ganqing areas, and impacton the Siwa, Siba and Xindian populations.Chapter Ⅸ Multivariate statistical analysis of Mogou and other ancient groupsAccording to the results of multivariate statistical analysis of Mogou group andother relative ancient groups, Mogou groups shows closest genetic affinity with thepopulations from Ganqing areas, a more distant relation to the Wayaogou, Yinxu②,and Zhukaigou populations, but a far distance with Xindianzi and Jingouzipopulations.Chapter Ⅹ ConclusionIt makes a summarized discussion about the whole nine chapters.