A Research On The Human Skeletal Remains From Changle Graveyard In Zhongwei,Ningxia

The Changle Graveyard is located in the eastern part of China's northwestern region.It is located in the transitional zone between the northern grassland and the Loess Plateau,nomadic culture and farming culture.The region was a place where many populations frequently advance and retreat,compete and merge.As the earliest Han Dynasty tombs found in Ningxia region,the skeletal remains of the Han Dynasty in the Changle Graveyard are the typical anthropological material of the Ningxia region during this period,which has important academic value to explore the strategy of the Central Plains dynasty in the northwest region,the immigrants and relations with northern minorities.In this study,by combining morphological observation,measurement and statistics of the skeletal remains of the Han Dynasty population in Changle Graveyard,the comprehensive physical anthropology study of the ancient population in Changle Graveyard was performed from ancient demographics,pathological conditions,body shape,and cranial morphology.From the bioarchaeological perspectives,the interactive relationship between migration patterns,changes in economic models,and archeological cultural interaction in Ningxia was revealed.The full text is divided into six chapters.Chapter 1 IntroductionThis chapter introduces the natural geography and history of Zhongwei District in Ningxia,outlines the archaeological background of the Changle Graveyard,and further explains the purpose,significance,and importance of this study.Chapter 2 Paleodemograohic Study of Changle PopulationThrough the identification of sex and age of the human remains,the distribution of sex and age was analyzed and compared.Through comparison with other Han populations,a clearer understanding of the population structure of Changle graveyard was formed.Chapter 3 Paleopathological Study of Changle PopulationFirstly,the health condition of Changle population was analyzed through skeletal pathology and dental pathology.The skeletal pathology is mainly divided into congenital abnormalities,infectious diseases,degenerative diseases,neoplastic diseases,heterotopic ossification and trauma,etc.The dental pathology mainly includes ante mortem tooth loss,dental caries,apical abscess,periodontal disease,dental calculus,tooth abrasion and enamel hypoplasia.On the whole,the incidence and prevalence of Changle Graveyard population in various pathologies showed a low tendency,reflecting the relatively healthy condition and relatively stable social conditions of Changle population.Chapter 4 Study on Body Shape of Changle populationThrough the calculation of stature and body mass,we gain an intuitive understanding on the body shape of the Changle population.In the aspect of bone robusticity,through the analysis of the humerus,femur,and tibia linear measurement,it was found that Changle population's overall bone robusticity was moderate.By comparing the differences between men and women and comparing with other populations,the daily behavior pattern,labor intensity and social division of labor in Changle population was further explored.Chapter 5 Study on the Anthropological Types of the Changle PopulationThe cranial morphological characteristics of the Changle population were analyzed based on the cranial measurements.The results showed that the population can be divided into the East Asia Type of modern Mongolian and were similar to the “Ancient Central Plain Type” population of the Pre-Qin period.In addition,5 individuals shows Caucasoid feature morphologically.Based on the crainal morphology,historical records and archaeological background,these individuals might be the Huns.Through combing the geographical changes in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties in Ningxia,the the ancient population migration pattern in Ningxia region was explored in time scale.Chapter 6 ConclusionSummarize the contents of the previous chapters...