Structured Innovation: The Theoretical And Empirical Analysis

Independent Innovation is an important issue which is related to china's building an innovative country, transforming economic growth patterns and maintaining sustainable economic development. In the government-led reform process like china, government's role in promoting the effect of technological progress is obviously insufficient, the enthusiasm of enterprises is difficult to be exerted effectively, both show that there are still institutional or structural barriers in the process of innovation in China. To upgrade the overall capability of China's independent innovation, we need to re-dig the inherent mechanism of technological progress, and solve the issues such as lacking of innovation incentives and promotion, incompletion of R&D system effectively.Technological progress is born within the social division of labor. The enlarging of market size leads to the deepening division of labor, which causes the expansion of market in turn. The evolution is a cumulative and progressive process to self-reproduce. In the cycle evolution between the division of labor and the market size, deepening division of labor makes the emergence of roundabout production, machine was invented and used, and the technology makes its progress. The expansions of market demands more factor inputs, and further promots the technology progress by the deepening of division of labor, so that economic growth comes true ultimately.However, if innovative activities are separated from the production activities, and be considered as an independent economic activities, we will find a departure between the development of division of labor based on production activities and technological innovation's needs of division of labor organizations in the process of the division of labor. Because knowledge transaction costs much higher than other economic resources in the process of technology innovation, the optimization level of division of labor for technological innovation will be less and less than the optimum level for production. Therefore, technical innovation is restricted by the excessive division of labor.The goal of the business activities for the enterprises is always maximizing their profits, any resource allocation process, including innovation decision-making process should serve this goal. When the innovation can bring lower unit costs, the enterprise's economic goal is in line with the goal of innovation, the incentive of enterprise's innovation will enhance, innovation activity occurs; while innovation is not obvious when the cost impact is weak and small because of the uncertainty, the firm's economic goal and innovation goal are separated, innovation is lack of motivation, innovation activity is stagnated.The enterprise self-financing R&D activities, will tend to choose low risk, low investment, high profit innovation projects, the contribution rate of innovation for profit growth will be gradually reduced; breakthrough innovation will only be conducted by the enterprises with bigger size, higher strength, who can afford the high-risk cost of innovation; when the expected profit reaches a maximum, the risk also reaches the maximum, the profit-driven enterprise will not undertake the innovation by itself, innovation activity is constrained by the division of labor.Generic technology and special technology are different hierarchy and they have inner characteristic hierarchical structure. In view of technology structure theory, generic technology is single technology supply and special technology is double technology supply nested in generic technology. The technology supply model based on structure analysis displays self-innovation is the hierarchy combination of generic and special technology supply. Only both combine in domestic, the originality innovation will be continued.Based on social division of labor, market discipline and technical structure constraints, the concept of structured innovation is proposed, it means innovation activity is provided with structured Characteristics. Specifically, innovation is a social process affected by the division of labor, is a complex input and output process, is also a collaborative evolution process follow the law of technology growth curve.Structured innovation process requires innovation activity must meet the requirements of the structured system of the impetus for innovation, innovative organization and the innovation structure, to get rid of the institutional obstacles. To enhance the ability of independent innovation, first need to transform the thought of consistency between economic growth and technological progress. Through the establishment of regional innovation system, reducing regional disparity in resources, the constrant of division of labor to innovation can be loose. through making the enterprises bigger and stronger in the market, the innovation capabilities of enterprise can enhance. and strengthen. The market-oriented reforms of scientific and technological system has solves the efficiency, but ignored the internal requirements of the technical structure for innovation activities, and thus promoting the generic technology R&D system through government support should be taken as an important way of structured innovation.