| Generic technology refers to the technology have been or may be widely used in the future.The generic technology R & D results can be shared with the entire industry or multiple industries and have a profound impact on a class of technology.As the basic technology platform for industrial technology upgrading and innovation-driven development,the research and development of generic technology has been paid much attention to.From the international perspective,with a variety of types of innovative subjects(enterprises,universities and research institutions,etc.)participating in coexistence symbiosis and coevolution of the generic technology innovation system,the United States,Japan,Europe and other developed countries technology research and development have gotten big breakthrough,promoted the rapid development of their industry.China's various innovative subjects are also actively carrying out a variety of scientific and technological large-scale long-term innovation plans to support generic technology research and innovation.Through the theoretical and practical aspects of industrial generic technology innovation exploration research,so that we should pay more attention to the characteristics of industrial generic technology attributes under the different R & D model.The biology field involves basic science and applied technology and many other industrial disciplines.It plays an important role in improving human health and living environment.In this paper,we propose some hypothesis from the perspective of the characteristics of the generic technology attributes.We collect the patent and citation data of Derwent biotechnology field with the propensity score matching model.From the specific field,the time effect and the scale effect aspects,this paper analyzes the influence of R & D models on the characteristics of industrial generic technology,and makes a comparative analysis of the United States,China and Japan.The research found that:(1)In general,the cooperation between industry,academia and research and the cooperation among enterprises can significantly improve the technical basicness and technical relevance of generic technology,but not conducive to the development of technology externalities.The effect of enterprises cooperation is bigger than university-industry collaboration.(2)The effects of R & D model on generic technology characteristics of the specific technology field are different.(3)In different time-stage,the effects of R & D model on generic technology characteristics are different.The positive effect on the technology basicness and relevance of the enterprises cooperation is gradually enhanced,and the positive effect of the university industry collaboration has begun to be highlighted.(4)The effects on generic technology characteristics of the large-scale and small-scale enterprises under different R & D model are different.(5)The effects of R & D model on generic technology characteristics of the United States,Japan and China are different.On the whole,the United States generic technology basic innovation ability is the strongest,China and Japan industry generic technology basic innovation gap is not big. |
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